Meta-analysis of first metatarsophalangeal joint implant arthroplasty

Management of late-stage degenerative joint disease of the first metatarsophalangeal joint (MPJ) is a complex topic that is frequently the source of debate among foot and ankle surgeons. Several surgical interventions have been described to treat this condition. One of the most contested of these treatments is implant arthroplasty of the first MPJ. The primary aim of this meta-analysis was to evaluate the clinical benefit of first MPJ implant arthroplasty in regard to patient satisfaction. Reviewers formally trained in meta-analysis abstraction techniques searched databases and indices using medical subject heading terms and other methods to identify all relevant studies published since 1990. Initially, 3874 citations were identified and evaluated for relevance. Abstract screening produced 112 articles to be read in entirety, of which 47 articles studying 3049 procedures with a mean 61.48 (SD 45.03) month follow-up met all prospective inclusion criteria necessary for analysis. Overall crude patient satisfaction following first MPJ implant arthroplasty was 85.7% (95% confidence interval: 82.5%-88.3%). When adjusting for lower quality studies (retrospective, less than 5 years of follow-up, higher percent of patients lost to follow-up), the overall patient satisfaction increased to 94.5% (89.6%-97.2%) in the highest-quality studies. This adjustment also significantly decreased heterogeneity across studies (crude Q = 184.6, high-quality studies Q = 2.053). Additional a priori sources of heterogeneity were evaluated by subgroup analysis and meta-regression. In regards to patient satisfaction, this comprehensive analysis provides supportive evidence to the clinical benefit of first MPJ implant arthroplasties.

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