Review of intrinsic factors related to fall risk in individuals with visual impairments

Abundant information in the geriatric literature emphasizes the factors relevant to maintenance of independent mobility and reduction of fall risk. However, while some researchers have attempted to identify the relationship between chronic health and visual impairment, few studies have systematically explored the impact of physical interventions that aim to remediate reduced health and function in adults with visual impairments. This review identifies intrinsic physical factors that negatively affect health and independence in adults with visual impairments. By highlighting these factors, we hope to provide a basis for future exercise interventions that will target reductions in the rate of physiological decline while preserving and potentially restoring independent functioning. Because the aging population is increasing and the basis for and subsequent formulation of exercise programs for maintaining mobility and quality of life have not been definitively ascertained for individuals with declining vision, exploring the intrinsic physical factors most amenable to physical rehabilitation becomes relevant.