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Related Concept Videos

Formation of Complex Ions03:45

Formation of Complex Ions

A type of Lewis acid-base chemistry involves the formation of a complex ion (or a coordination complex) comprising a central atom, typically a transition metal cation, surrounded by ions or molecules called ligands. These ligands can be neutral molecules like H2O or NH3, or ions such as CN− or OH−. Often, the ligands act as Lewis bases, donating a pair of electrons to the central atom. These types of Lewis acid-base reactions are examples of a broad subdiscipline called coordination...
Complexation Equilibria: Overview01:23

Complexation Equilibria: Overview

Complexation reactions take place when dative or coordinate covalent bonds form between metal ions and ligands. The compounds formed in these reactions are called coordination compounds. The number of bonds formed between the metal ion and the ligands is called its coordination number. Generally, most metal ions in an aqueous solution are solvated by water molecules and thus exist as aqua complexes.
The equilibrium constant of the complexation reaction is represented as the formation constant...
Extraction: Advanced Methods00:56

Extraction: Advanced Methods

Metal ions can be separated from one another by complexation with organic ligands–the chelating agent– to form uncharged chelates. Here, the chelating agent must contain hydrophobic groups and behave as a weak acid, losing a proton to bind with the metal. Since most organic ligands used in this process are insoluble or undergo oxidation in the aqueous phase, the chelating agent is initially added to the organic phase and extracted into the aqueous phase. The metal-ligand complex is formed in...
Metal-Ligand Bonds02:51

Metal-Ligand Bonds

The hemoglobin in the blood, the chlorophyll in green plants, vitamin B-12, and the catalyst used in the manufacture of polyethylene all contain coordination compounds. Ions of the metals, especially the transition metals, are likely to form complexes.
In these complexes, transition metals form coordinate covalent bonds, a kind of Lewis acid-base interaction in which both of the electrons in the bond are contributed by a donor (Lewis base) to an electron acceptor (Lewis acid). The Lewis acid in...
Complexation Equilibria: Factors Influencing Stability of Complexes01:09

Complexation Equilibria: Factors Influencing Stability of Complexes

In complexation reactions, metal cations are the electron pair acceptors, and the ligands are the electron pair donors. The stability of the metal complexes depends primarily on the complexing ability of the central metal ion and the nature of the ligands. Generally, the complexing ability of the metal ion depends on the size and charge of the ion. As the metal ion size increases, the stability of the metal complexes decreases, provided that the valency of the metal ion and the ligands remain...
Complexometric Titration: Ligands00:43

Complexometric Titration: Ligands

Different monodentate and polydentate ligands are used as complexing agents in complexometric titration reactions. The formation of complexes by mono- and bidentate ligands involves two or more intermediate steps, limiting their use as complexing agents. In comparison, polydentate ligands can form complexes with metal ions in a single-step process, facilitating sharper end points. This means polydentate ligands, such as amino carboxylic acid derivatives, are most commonly employed in...

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Ion Mobility-Mass Spectrometry Techniques for Determining the Structure and Mechanisms of Metal Ion Recognition and Redox Activity of Metal Binding Oligopeptides
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Ion Mobility-Mass Spectrometry Techniques for Determining the Structure and Mechanisms of Metal Ion Recognition and Redox Activity of Metal Binding Oligopeptides

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Quantitative structure-activity relationships for aqueous metal-siderophore complexes.

Owen W Duckworth1, John R Bargar, Garrison Sposito

  • 1Department of Soil Science, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695-7619, USA.

Environmental Science & Technology
|February 26, 2009
PubMed
Summary

Siderophores like desferrioxamine B (DFOB) form stable metal complexes. Their structure, studied using EXAFS, predicts complex stability and influences metal transport in the environment.

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Area of Science:

  • Biogeochemistry
  • Coordination Chemistry
  • Environmental Science

Background:

  • Siderophores are natural chelators essential for iron uptake.
  • They bind various metals, impacting their environmental fate and transport.
  • Understanding metal-siderophore complex structures is crucial for predicting their behavior.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the structural properties of metal-siderophore complexes.
  • To determine factors controlling the stability and reactivity of these complexes.
  • To explore the potential for microbial uptake of metal-siderophore complexes.

Main Methods:

  • Extended X-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS) spectroscopy was used.
  • Structures of complexes with Cu(II), Ga(III), Mn(II), Ni(II), and Zn(II) were probed.
  • Complex stability constants were measured and correlated with structural parameters.

Main Results:

  • Metals were predominantly in octahedral coordination.
  • The Cu(II)HDFOB(0) complex exhibited Jahn-Teller distortion.
  • Stability constants correlated with interatomic distances and Debye-Waller parameters.

Conclusions:

  • Structure-activity relationships for metal-siderophore complexes were established.
  • These relationships quantitatively link complex architecture to stability.
  • The findings enable prediction of siderophore-metal stability constants.