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Related Concept Videos

Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Drug Excretion01:26

Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Drug Excretion

In pediatric medicine, understanding the renal function and drug elimination nuances is crucial for administering safe and effective treatments. Newborns, in particular, display markedly slower renal functions than adults, profoundly affecting how drugs are cleared from their bodies. This slower drug clearance requires clinicians to extend the dosing intervals for many medications to prevent drug accumulation and toxicity while ensuring therapeutic efficacy.One key area where these adjustments...
Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Drug Metabolism01:24

Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Drug Metabolism

In pediatric care, understanding the nuances of hepatic drug metabolism is crucial, as it significantly differs from that of adults. This divergence is primarily due to the developmental stage of drug-metabolizing enzymes, which affects how medications are processed in the body. In neonates, for instance, the activity of Phase I enzymes—critical for the initial breakdown of drugs—is markedly reduced, functioning at just 20–40% of the levels seen in adults. This reduction poses a challenge in...
Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Overview and Drug Absorption01:23

Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Overview and Drug Absorption

Understanding the physiological differences in the pediatric population is crucial for effective pharmacotherapy. Neonates, infants, and children exhibit significant variations in gastric pH, gastric emptying time, intestinal transit time, and biliary function. These variations profoundly affect oral drug absorption, necessitating a nuanced approach to pediatric dosing.Neonates present with a unique physiological profile, having a gastric pH greater than 4 and faster and more irregular gastric...
Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Drug Distribution01:17

Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Drug Distribution

Drug distribution in the pediatric population exhibits unique challenges and considerations due to the physiological differences between children, particularly neonates and infants, and adults. A crucial aspect of pediatric pharmacology is understanding how these differences impact the pharmacokinetics of various drugs, necessitating age-specific dosing strategies to ensure efficacy and safety.Neonates and infants have a higher total body water content, ~75%–90% of their body weight, compared...
Methods of Documentation II: POMR01:26

Methods of Documentation II: POMR

The Problem-Oriented Medical Record (POMR) revolutionized medical record-keeping by introducing a systematic approach focusing on the patient's problems rather than merely listing symptoms. Dr. Lawrence Weed's introduction of this method in the 1960s marked a significant advancement in medical documentation. The POMR framework consists of four key components: the database, problem list, plan of care, and progress notes.
Drug Dosing: Infants and Children01:29

Drug Dosing: Infants and Children

Pediatric patient dosages diverge from adults due to disparities in body surface area, total body water, and extracellular fluid per kilogram of body weight. The dosing regimen considers the variations in pharmacokinetics and pharmacology across distinct age groups, encompassing preterm newborns, infants, young children, older children, and adolescents. Calculation of pediatric patient doses is predicated on determining body surface area, which exhibits a superior correlation with the child's...

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Updated: Jun 25, 2026

Making MR Imaging Child's Play - Pediatric Neuroimaging Protocol, Guidelines and Procedure
15:18

Making MR Imaging Child's Play - Pediatric Neuroimaging Protocol, Guidelines and Procedure

Published on: July 30, 2009

Paediatric experiences with work-hour limitations.

Robert J Fortuna1, Judith S Palfrey, Steven P Shelov

  • 1Department of Ambulatory Care and Prevention, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA. rfortuna@partners.org

Journal of Evaluation in Clinical Practice
|February 26, 2009
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Paediatric residency programmes face challenges with work-hour limitations affecting training quality and continuity. Strategies to adapt often involve shifting clinical duties, with limited use of non-clinical staff for administrative tasks.

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 25, 2026

Making MR Imaging Child's Play - Pediatric Neuroimaging Protocol, Guidelines and Procedure
15:18

Making MR Imaging Child's Play - Pediatric Neuroimaging Protocol, Guidelines and Procedure

Published on: July 30, 2009

Area of Science:

  • Medical Education
  • Pediatric Training

Background:

  • Work-hour limitations are a significant factor in residency training.
  • Assessing their impact on pediatric programs is crucial for effective education.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the perceived impact of work-hour restrictions on pediatric residency training.
  • To identify strategies employed by programs to meet these limitations.

Main Methods:

  • A survey was distributed to pediatric program directors.
  • Likert-type questions assessed the impact of work-hours.
  • Methods for meeting work-hour requirements were compared between large and small programs.

Main Results:

  • Most directors reported negative impacts on inpatient continuity, education time, and staff satisfaction.
  • Attending supervision was the only aspect to significantly improve.
  • Programs adapted by increasing non-resident staff responsibilities, hiring more non-resident staff, or increasing resident numbers.
  • Large programs utilized more methods to accommodate limitations in inpatient and intensive care units.

Conclusions:

  • Program directors perceive negative effects of work-hour limitations on training, with no significant change in resident satisfaction.
  • While various accommodation strategies exist, non-clinical staff are underutilized for administrative tasks.