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Related Concept Videos

Determination01:51

Determination

During embryogenesis, cells become progressively committed to different fates through a two-step process: specification followed by determination. Specification is demonstrated by removing a segment of an early embryo, “neutrally” culturing the tissue in vitro—for example, in a petri dish with simple medium—and then observing the derivatives. If the cultured region gives rise to cell types that it would normally generate in the embryo, this means that it is specified. In contrast, determination...
Maintenance of the ES Cell State01:14

Maintenance of the ES Cell State

The cells of the blastocyst inner cell mass only remain pluripotent for a short time. This state of pluripotency and self-renewal can be maintained in embryonic stem (ES) cell culture by adding specific chemicals or growth factors to ensure the cells can continue dividing and later differentiate into different cell types. In some cases, the cells are grown on a feeder layer of differentiated cells, which provides the growth factors and extracellular matrix components necessary for stem cell...
Lineage Commitment01:21

Lineage Commitment

Commitment is the  process whereby stem cells:
Stem Cell Niche01:26

Stem Cell Niche

The stem cell niche is the dynamic microenvironment where stem cells reside. Inside these niches, the cells may remain undifferentiated, undergo high self-renewal, or become lineage-specific progenitors. Stem cells coexist with other niche cells, such as stromal cells. They also interact closely with the ECM. Cell-cell and cell-matrix communication occur via adhesion molecules or soluble factors that signal the stem cells and determine their fate. Stromal cells also provide survival signals to...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 25, 2026

Functional Evaluation of Biological Neurotoxins in Networked Cultures of Stem Cell-derived Central Nervous System Neurons
15:05

Functional Evaluation of Biological Neurotoxins in Networked Cultures of Stem Cell-derived Central Nervous System Neurons

Published on: February 5, 2015

Maintaining a stochastic neuronal cell fate decision.

Daniel Vasiliauskas1, Robert Johnston, Claude Desplan

  • 1Department of Biology, New York University, New York, New York 10003, USA.

Genes & Development
|February 26, 2009
PubMed
Summary

A new transcription factor, NSY-7, stabilizes sensory neuron subtypes in C. elegans. This discovery clarifies how neuronal diversity is maintained in sensory systems, crucial for proper function.

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Developmental Biology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Sensory systems exhibit neuronal subtype diversity, arising from cell fate decisions.
  • Maintaining specific neuronal subtypes requires dedicated molecular mechanisms.

Discussion:

  • Lesch and colleagues identified NSY-7, a novel transcription factor.
  • NSY-7 plays a critical role in stabilizing stochastic subtype choices.

Key Insights:

  • NSY-7 acts in AWC chemosensory neurons in the nematode C. elegans.
  • This mechanism ensures the fidelity of neuronal subtype specification.

Outlook:

  • Understanding NSY-7's function offers insights into neuronal development.
  • Further research may reveal conserved roles in other sensory systems.

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