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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 25, 2026

Investigation of the Transcriptional Role of a RUNX1 Intronic Silencer by CRISPR/Cas9 Ribonucleoprotein in Acute Myeloid Leukemia Cells

Investigation of the Transcriptional Role of a RUNX1 Intronic Silencer by CRISPR/Cas9 Ribonucleoprotein in Acute Myeloid Leukemia Cells

Published on: September 1, 2019

X chromosome inactivation sparked by non-coding RNAs.

Martin Leeb¹, Philipp A Steffen, Anton Wutz

¹Institute of Molecular Pathology, Vienna, Austria.

|February 28, 2009

Summary

Non-coding RNAs like Xist and Tsix are key to X chromosome inactivation in female mammals. Tsix represses Xist, ensuring one X chromosome remains active through gene regulation.

Area of Science:

Genetics
Molecular Biology
Epigenetics

Background:

Mammalian females possess two X chromosomes, requiring a dosage compensation mechanism.
Non-coding RNAs play a crucial role in regulating gene expression during X chromosome inactivation.
Xist and Tsix are the primary non-coding RNAs involved in this process.

Purpose of the Study:

To review the role of non-coding RNAs in X chromosome inactivation.
To provide a current perspective on Xist and Tsix functions.
To highlight their importance in chromosome-wide gene regulation.

Main Methods:

Literature review of non-coding RNAs in X chromosome inactivation.
Focus on the molecular mechanisms of Xist and Tsix.
Analysis of gene regulation at the X inactivation center.

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Monitoring Protein-RNA Interaction Dynamics In Vivo at High Temporal Resolution Using χCRAC

Monitoring Protein-RNA Interaction Dynamics In Vivo at High Temporal Resolution Using χCRAC

Published on: May 9, 2020

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Last Updated: Jun 25, 2026

Investigation of the Transcriptional Role of a RUNX1 Intronic Silencer by CRISPR/Cas9 Ribonucleoprotein in Acute Myeloid Leukemia Cells

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Published on: September 1, 2019

Quick Fluorescent In Situ Hybridization Protocol for Xist RNA Combined with Immunofluorescence of Histone Modification in X-chromosome Inactivation

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Published on: November 26, 2014

Monitoring Protein-RNA Interaction Dynamics In Vivo at High Temporal Resolution Using χCRAC

Monitoring Protein-RNA Interaction Dynamics In Vivo at High Temporal Resolution Using χCRAC

Published on: May 9, 2020

Main Results:

Xist triggers transcriptional silencing of one X chromosome.
Tsix acts as a repressor of Xist, maintaining the other X chromosome's activity.
Expression of Xist and Tsix is mutually exclusive.

Conclusions:

Non-coding RNAs, particularly Xist and Tsix, are essential regulators of X chromosome dosage compensation.
Understanding these RNAs provides insight into epigenetic gene regulation.
This review consolidates current knowledge on their roles in silencing one X chromosome.