Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease III: Chronic Bronchitis Features01:24

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease III: Chronic Bronchitis Features

Chronic bronchitis is a key phenotype of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), characterized by airway-centered inflammation and mucus overproduction. It develops from long-term exposure to harmful particles or gases, most commonly cigarette smoke, which triggers a persistent inflammatory response.Cellular and Structural ChangesInflammation initially affects the large bronchi and later the smaller airways, with infiltration by immune cells, including neutrophils, macrophages, and...
Pulmonary Cycle: Exhalation01:17

Pulmonary Cycle: Exhalation

In terms of human respiration, the act of expelling air, known as exhalation (or expiration), operates on the principle of pressure gradients. During expiration, the pressure within the lungs exceeds that of the surrounding atmosphere. Under normal conditions, quiet breathing involves passive exhalation and is free of muscular contractions. This is because the exhalation process is driven by the natural elastic recoil of the lungs and chest wall, both of which have an inherent tendency to...
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease II: Emphysema01:23

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease II: Emphysema

Emphysema, a major phenotype of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), is characterized by irreversible destruction of alveolar walls and permanent enlargement of distal airspaces. Unlike chronic bronchitis, which primarily affects the airways, emphysema predominantly involves the lung parenchyma, where structural damage leads to airflow limitation.PathophysiologyIt most commonly results from prolonged exposure to cigarette smoke and other toxic gases, particularly cigarette smoke.
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease IV: Clinical Manifestations01:19

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease IV: Clinical Manifestations

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease, or COPD, is a long-term condition marked by persistent and only partially reversible airflow limitation. It involves two overlapping conditions—chronic bronchitis and emphysema—which often co-appear but differ in dominant symptoms and underlying mechanisms.Chronic Bronchitis FeaturesChronic bronchitis presents with a persistent productive cough and thick, sometimes purulent mucus due to airway inflammation, enlarged mucus glands, and goblet cell...
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease-II: Pathophysiology01:20

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease-II: Pathophysiology

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) pathophysiology is intricate and multifaceted, involving a complex interplay of physiological processes. Understanding these mechanisms is crucial for effectively managing and treating COPD. Here is an in-depth look at the critical elements in the pathophysiology of COPD:
Chronic Inflammation
Other Pulmonary Disorders01:17

Other Pulmonary Disorders

Respiratory disorders encompass a range of conditions with varying levels of severity. Asthma, marked by chronic airway inflammation and hypersensitivity, is one such condition. It can lead to airway obstruction due to factors like bronchial spasms, mucosal edema, increased mucus secretion, or epithelial damage. Asthma triggers are diverse, ranging from allergens to emotional upset, and treatment focuses on both immediate relief through bronchodilators and long-term inflammation suppression.

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Lung Injury after Precision Radiotherapy: Temporal Evolution, Potential Pitfalls, and Complications.

Radiographics : a review publication of the Radiological Society of North America, Inc·2026
Same author

Clinically Relevant Findings in Lung Cancer Staging.

Radiographics : a review publication of the Radiological Society of North America, Inc·2025
Same author

Congratulations to the 2025 RSNA Outstanding Educator: Nestor Müller, MD, PhD.

Radiographics : a review publication of the Radiological Society of North America, Inc·2025
Same author

Optimal Approach to Performing and Reporting Computed Tomography Angiography for Suspected Acute Pulmonary Embolism: A Clinical Consensus Statement of the ESC Working Group on Pulmonary Circulation & Right Ventricular Function, the Fleischner Society, the Association for Acute Cardiovascular Care (ACVC) and the European Association of Cardiovascular Imaging (EACVI) of the ESC, Endorsed by European Respiratory Society (ERS), Asian Society of Thoracic Radiology (ASTR), European Society of Thoracic Imaging (ESTI), and Society of Thoracic Radiology (STR).

Radiology·2025
Same author

Recombinant interleukin-7 treatment of refractory <i>Mycobacterium avium</i> complex lung disease (IMPULSE-7): a pilot phase II, single-center, randomized, clinical trial.

Therapeutic advances in infectious disease·2025
Same author

Imaging the Spectrum of Mediastinitis.

Seminars in roentgenology·2025
Same journal

Orbital Imaging.

Radiologic clinics of North America·2026
Same journal

Imaging, Management, and Treatment of Orbital Trauma.

Radiologic clinics of North America·2026
Same journal

Imaging Findings after Multidisciplinary Treatment for Orbital and Ocular Adnexal Cancers.

Radiologic clinics of North America·2026
Same journal

Orbital Tumors: What the Radiologist Needs to Know from the Orbital Surgeon's Perspective.

Radiologic clinics of North America·2026
Same journal

Multidisciplinary Management of Tumors of the Orbit.

Radiologic clinics of North America·2026
Same journal

Skull Base, Bone, Pituitary-Regions around Orbit that Affect Vision.

Radiologic clinics of North America·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 25, 2026

Long Term Chronic Pseudomonas aeruginosa Airway Infection in Mice
15:43

Long Term Chronic Pseudomonas aeruginosa Airway Infection in Mice

Published on: March 17, 2014

Bronchiectasis.

Cylen Javidan-Nejad1, Sanjeev Bhalla

  • 1Section of Cardiothoracic Imaging, Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, 510 South Kingshighway, St. Louis, MO, USA. javidanc@mir.wustl.edu

Radiologic Clinics of North America
|March 3, 2009
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Bronchiectasis, irreversible bronchial dilation, causes chronic cough and infections. High-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) aids diagnosis, with location-specific patterns suggesting underlying causes.

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 25, 2026

Long Term Chronic Pseudomonas aeruginosa Airway Infection in Mice
15:43

Long Term Chronic Pseudomonas aeruginosa Airway Infection in Mice

Published on: March 17, 2014

Area of Science:

  • Pulmonary Medicine
  • Radiology
  • Medical Diagnostics

Background:

  • Bronchiectasis is irreversible bronchial dilation, characterized by chronic cough, sputum, and recurrent infections.
  • High-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) is crucial for diagnosing bronchiectasis.
  • Etiologies range from idiopathic to prior infections, with distinct patterns observed.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the diagnostic utility of lobar distribution patterns in bronchiectasis.
  • To correlate specific bronchiectasis locations with potential underlying causes.
  • To provide a location-based diagnostic approach for bronchiectasis.

Main Methods:

  • Review of HRCT findings in patients with bronchiectasis.
  • Analysis of the distribution patterns of bronchial dilatation across different lung lobes.
  • Correlation of identified patterns with patient history and confirmed diagnoses.

Main Results:

  • Upper lobe distribution is associated with cystic fibrosis, allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis, and traction bronchiectasis from tuberculosis, sarcoidosis, or silicosis.
  • Lower lobe distribution is linked to chronic aspiration, hypogammaglobulinemia, Mounier-Kuhn syndrome, primary ciliary dyskinesia, and interstitial pneumonitis.
  • The right middle lobe and lingula are preferentially involved in atypical mycobacterial infections, primary ciliary dyskinesia, and Kartagener syndrome.

Conclusions:

  • Bronchiectasis exhibits characteristic lobar distribution patterns.
  • A location-based diagnostic strategy can effectively narrow down the differential diagnoses of bronchiectasis.
  • HRCT imaging, combined with clinical information, is essential for precise etiological diagnosis of bronchiectasis.