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When organisms require the same limited resources within an environment, they may have to compete for them. Competition is a net-negative interaction. Even if two competing individuals or populations do not interact directly, the overall fitness of both competitors is lowered as a result of not having full access to the limited resource.Intraspecific competition, which occurs between individuals of the same species, serves as a natural mechanism for regulating population size. Too much...

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Updated: Jun 25, 2026

Predicting the Effectiveness of Population Replacement Strategy Using Mathematical Modeling

Predicting the Effectiveness of Population Replacement Strategy Using Mathematical Modeling

Published on: July 4, 2007

Preemptive spatial competition under a reproduction-mortality constraint.

Andrew Allstadt¹, Thomas Caraco, G Korniss

¹Department of Biological Sciences, University at Albany, Albany, NY 12222, USA.

Journal of Theoretical Biology

|March 3, 2009

Summary

Phenotypes with higher reproduction rates initially invade faster but lower mortality rates are favored at equilibrium. This spatial competition slows down evolutionary change in populations.

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Spatial Multiobjective Optimization of Agricultural Conservation Practices using a SWAT Model and an Evolutionary Algorithm

Spatial Multiobjective Optimization of Agricultural Conservation Practices using a SWAT Model and an Evolutionary Algorithm

Published on: December 9, 2012

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Last Updated: Jun 25, 2026

Predicting the Effectiveness of Population Replacement Strategy Using Mathematical Modeling

Predicting the Effectiveness of Population Replacement Strategy Using Mathematical Modeling

Published on: July 4, 2007

Spatial Multiobjective Optimization of Agricultural Conservation Practices using a SWAT Model and an Evolutionary Algorithm

Spatial Multiobjective Optimization of Agricultural Conservation Practices using a SWAT Model and an Evolutionary Algorithm

Published on: December 9, 2012

Area of Science:

Ecology
Evolutionary Biology
Population Dynamics

Background:

Spatially structured populations experience varied selection pressures.
Antagonistic pleiotropy links reproductive effort and mortality rate, with a fixed ratio.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate spatial competition between phenotypes under antagonistic pleiotropy.
To understand how spatial structure influences selection and evolutionary rates.

Main Methods:

Developed a stochastic invasion approximation.
Conducted pairwise invasion analyses using an individual-based model of preemptive competition.

Main Results:

Higher propagation rate phenotypes invade empty environments faster.
Lower mortality rate phenotypes are favored as population density increases.
The evolutionarily stable strategy exhibited the lowest mortality and propagation rates.

Conclusions:

Spatial competition can alter selection dynamics based on population density.
The interplay of spatial structure and life-history trade-offs can decelerate phenotypic evolution.