Related Experiment Videos
Nutritional state during COPD exacerbation: clinical and prognostic implications.
R Girón1, C Matesanz, F García-Río
1Servicio de Neumología, Hospital Universitario de la Princesa, Madrid, Spain.
Annals of Nutrition & Metabolism
|March 3, 2009
Summary
Malnutrition is common in hospitalized patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Poor nutritional status impacts lung function, exercise tolerance, and hospital outcomes, including readmission rates.
Area of Science:
- Pulmonary Medicine
- Clinical Nutrition
- Internal Medicine
Background:
- Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide.
- Hospitalized COPD patients often experience malnutrition, which can exacerbate disease progression and impact recovery.
- Understanding the prevalence and consequences of malnutrition in COPD is crucial for improving patient care.
Purpose of the Study:
- To determine the prevalence of malnutrition in hospitalized patients experiencing COPD exacerbations.
- To assess the clinical and prognostic significance of malnutrition during COPD exacerbations.
Main Methods:
- A cohort of 78 patients with moderate-to-severe COPD admitted for exacerbation was studied.
- Nutritional status was evaluated using body mass index (BMI), bioelectric impedance analysis (FFM index), and serum albumin levels.
- Lung function (spirometry), exercise capacity (6-min walk test), exacerbation severity, hospitalization duration, and 3-month readmission rates were assessed.
Main Results:
- Malnutrition, defined by BMI or fat-free mass (FFM) index, was present in 38% of patients.
- An additional 40% showed malnutrition risk due to involuntary weight loss, and 18% had low albumin levels (<3 g/dl).
- FFM correlated with lung function (FEV1, FVC) and exercise capacity. Hospitalization duration and readmission rates were linked to nutritional parameters (FFM, muscle mass, BMI, albumin).
Conclusions:
- Malnutrition is highly prevalent in hospitalized COPD patients and is associated with reduced lung function and exercise tolerance.
- Nutritional status during exacerbation is a significant predictor of hospitalization length and future readmissions.
- Nutritional assessment and intervention should be integral to managing hospitalized COPD patients.
Related Concept Videos
01:20COPD: Pathogenesis and Clinical Features
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a group of lung conditions that progressively worsen over time, including chronic bronchitis and emphysema. This cluster of diseases collectively leads to a gradual and irreversible decline in lung function over time.
The primary cause for the onset of COPD is cigarette smoking and exposure to air pollution. These hazardous factors initiate a chain reaction within the lungs, resulting in chronic inflammation, damage to the airways, and a...
The primary cause for the onset of COPD is cigarette smoking and exposure to air pollution. These hazardous factors initiate a chain reaction within the lungs, resulting in chronic inflammation, damage to the airways, and a...
01:27Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease-IV: Assessement and Diagnostic Studies
Assessing and diagnosing Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) involves a detailed approach that includes a comprehensive review of medical history, physical examination, and a variety of diagnostic tests. This thorough evaluation is essential to ensure an accurate diagnosis and guide effective management strategies.
Medical History
Medical History
01:19Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease IV: Clinical Manifestations
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease, or COPD, is a long-term condition marked by persistent and only partially reversible airflow limitation. It involves two overlapping conditions—chronic bronchitis and emphysema—which often co-appear but differ in dominant symptoms and underlying mechanisms.Chronic Bronchitis FeaturesChronic bronchitis presents with a persistent productive cough and thick, sometimes purulent mucus due to airway inflammation, enlarged mucus glands, and goblet cell...
01:26COPD: Management Using Bronchodilators and Corticosteroids
Chronic obstructive pulmonary isease (COPD) involves a group of progressive lung disorders characterized by persistent airflow limitation and chronic respiratory symptoms. Asthma-COPD Overlap Syndrome (ACOS), encompassing features of both asthma and Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), is a group of progressive lung disorders that includes chronic bronchitis, emphysema, and refractory (non-reversible) asthma. ACOS leads to complex clinical presentations that combine the inflammatory...
01:24Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
COPD is defined as a heterogeneous lung condition marked by persistent respiratory symptoms such as dyspnea, cough, and sputum production, caused by abnormalities in the airways that cause airflow obstruction.
Smoking is a primary risk factor for COPD, with over 80% of patients having a history of it. Patients typically experience progressive dyspnea or labored breathing, frequent coughing, and recurrent pulmonary infections. Many eventually succumb to respiratory failure, characterized by...
Smoking is a primary risk factor for COPD, with over 80% of patients having a history of it. Patients typically experience progressive dyspnea or labored breathing, frequent coughing, and recurrent pulmonary infections. Many eventually succumb to respiratory failure, characterized by...
01:24Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease III: Chronic Bronchitis Features
Chronic bronchitis is a key phenotype of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), characterized by airway-centered inflammation and mucus overproduction. It develops from long-term exposure to harmful particles or gases, most commonly cigarette smoke, which triggers a persistent inflammatory response.Cellular and Structural ChangesInflammation initially affects the large bronchi and later the smaller airways, with infiltration by immune cells, including neutrophils, macrophages, and...