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Assessment of Vascular Function in Patients With Chronic Kidney Disease
08:50

Assessment of Vascular Function in Patients With Chronic Kidney Disease

Published on: June 16, 2014

Arterial stiffness in patients with non-diabetic chronic kidney disease (CKD)

Nami Matsuda1, Takashi Takei, Ayuko Fujiu

  • 1Department of Medicine, Kidney Center, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan.

Journal of Atherosclerosis and Thrombosis
|March 6, 2009
PubMed

Insights

Arterial stiffness increases with chronic kidney disease (CKD) severity in non-diabetic patients. Nephrosclerosis, a cause of CKD, is linked to greater arterial stiffness and cardiovascular disease risk.

Area of Science:

  • Nephrology
  • Cardiovascular Medicine
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) exhibit a high prevalence of cardiovascular disease (CVD).
  • Arterial stiffness is a key factor in the development of CVD.
  • Limited data exists on arterial stiffness assessment across different stages of non-diabetic CKD.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess arterial stiffness in patients with non-diabetic CKD across various stages.
  • To investigate the relationship between CKD severity and arterial stiffness.
  • To explore the impact of CKD etiology, specifically nephrosclerosis, on arterial stiffness and CVD risk.

Main Methods:

  • Studied 50 patients with non-diabetic CKD (stages 1-5, 5D).
  • Assessed arterial compliance using pulse wave velocity (PWV) with an applanation tonometer.
  • Recorded all medications and analyzed biochemical parameters including C-reactive protein (CRP), calcium (Ca), phosphorus (P), and intact parathyroid hormone (iPTH).

Main Results:

  • Non-diabetic CKD stage 5D patients showed significantly higher PWV and elevated serum levels of CRP, Ca, P, and iPTH compared to earlier stages.
  • Patients with non-diabetic CKD stages 3-5 demonstrated increased PWV, higher serum P and iPTH levels, and were older than those in stages 1-2.
  • Nephrosclerosis was associated with higher PWV, elevated CRP, and a greater prevalence of CVD compared to other CKD origins.

Conclusions:

  • A progressive increase in arterial stiffness was observed with advancing CKD severity in non-diabetic individuals.
  • CKD resulting from nephrosclerosis is identified as a significant risk factor for increased arterial stiffness and cardiovascular disease.
  • These findings highlight the importance of monitoring arterial stiffness in non-diabetic CKD patients, particularly those with nephrosclerosis.
Abstract

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