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Ending Relationships01:28

Ending Relationships

The dissolution of intimate relationships presents complex emotional and psychological challenges, particularly when emotional bonds are strong, the relationship is long-standing, and perceived alternatives are limited. This distress often intensifies in romantic breakups, where the initiator may experience greater turmoil than the rejected partner. Contributing factors include residual attachment, guilt over causing pain, and uncertainty about how to manage the situation. The stress is further...
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Social Exchange Theory01:26

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Separation of Sister Chromatids02:17

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 25, 2026

Separation of Mouse Embryonic Facial Ectoderm and Mesenchyme
08:36

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Published on: April 12, 2013

An amicable separation: Chick's way of doing EMT.

Yukiko Nakaya1, Guojun Sheng

  • 1RIKEN Center for Developmental Biology, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan.

Cell Adhesion & Migration
|March 6, 2009
PubMed
Summary

Epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) involves losing epithelial traits for mesenchymal ones, crucial for development and disease. This study details chick gastrulation EMT, highlighting early cell-basement membrane interactions regulated by RhoA and microtubules.

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Area of Science:

  • Cell Biology
  • Developmental Biology
  • Morphogenesis

Background:

  • Epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a fundamental process for tissue remodeling in development and pathology.
  • While general EMT mechanisms are known, specific regulatory points vary across different biological contexts.
  • Understanding context-specific EMT regulation is key to addressing developmental abnormalities and diseases.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To elucidate the specific cellular and developmental events governing EMT during chick gastrulation.
  • To identify critical regulatory points and molecular mechanisms controlling EMT in this specific developmental context.
  • To propose a model for EMT regulation that accounts for context-dependent variations.

Main Methods:

  • Detailed observation and analysis of cellular events during chick gastrulation.
  • Molecular and genetic analyses to identify key regulatory factors.
  • Investigation of cell-basement membrane interactions and their regulation.

Main Results:

  • Identified regulated disruption of epithelial cell/basement membrane (BM) interaction as a critical early step in chick gastrulation EMT.
  • Demonstrated that this disruption occurs post-mesoderm specification but precedes tight junction breakdown.
  • Showed that the small GTPase RhoA and basal microtubule dynamics mediate epithelial cell/BM interactions.

Conclusions:

  • EMT is not a singular morphogenetic event but a context-dependent process.
  • While regulatory mechanisms may be shared, their sequence and critical control points differ in various EMT settings.
  • RhoA-mediated regulation of cell-BM interactions is a key early event in chick gastrulation EMT.