A review of non-chromatographic methods for speciation analysis

This manuscript overviews relevant scientific literature concerning speciation of trace elements by using non-chromatographic methods. The main principles of the different strategies proposed in the published works and their advantages and drawbacks are discussed in order to provide to the readers an appropriate picture of the state-of the-art of fast and cheap methodologies available to obtain information about the presence of different chemical forms of trace elements in environmental, clinical and food samples. A selection of the methods proposed for the speciation of the different elements studied was also provided together with their main features.