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Related Concept Videos

Selectins01:25

Selectins

Cell adhesion is  an essential aspect of multicellularity. While stable cell interactions usually occur between cells of the same type, transient cell interactions occur between cells of different tissue types, such as between neutrophils and endothelial cells. Selectins are one class of cell adhesion molecules (CAMs) that bind carbohydrate ligands to form transient cell adhesion. They are rod-like proteins with a long extracellular part of variable length ending with the lectin domain, which...
Facilitated Diffusion01:16

Facilitated Diffusion

The plasma membrane, a critical structure in cellular biology, houses an array of transporters, or carrier proteins, interspersed within its lipid bilayer. These proteins play a crucial role in solute transport through facilitated diffusion, a form of passive diffusion that uses transporters to move the molecules across the membrane.
In this process, substrates such as organic compounds and ions interact with a transporter on one side, triggering conformational changes in proteins that enable...
Carrier-Mediated Transport01:06

Carrier-Mediated Transport

Carrier-mediated transport is a pivotal process in drug absorption, particularly for lipid-insoluble drugs, and encompasses facilitated diffusion and active transport. Facilitated diffusion allows drugs to move along their concentration gradient without energy expenditure, while active transport utilizes ATP to drive drug movement against this gradient.
Active transport involves two types of membrane-spanning transporters: uptake and efflux. Uptake transporters are expressed in the small...
Receptor-mediated Endocytosis01:38

Receptor-mediated Endocytosis

Overview
Receptor-mediated Endocytosis01:20

Receptor-mediated Endocytosis

Receptor-mediated endocytosis is when bulk amounts of specific molecules are imported into a cell after binding to cell surface receptors. The molecules bound to these receptors are taken into the cell through inward folding of the cell surface membrane, which is eventually pinched off into a vesicle within the cell. Structural proteins, such as clathrin, coat the budding vesicle.
Clathrin-Mediated Endocytosis of LDL
One well-characterized example of receptor-mediated endocytosis is the...
Receptor-Mediated Endocytosis01:20

Receptor-Mediated Endocytosis

Receptor-mediated endocytosis is when bulk amounts of specific molecules are imported into a cell after binding to cell surface receptors. The molecules bound to these receptors are taken into the cell through inward folding of the cell surface membrane, which is eventually pinched off into a vesicle within the cell. Structural proteins, such as clathrin, coat the budding vesicle.
Clathrin-Mediated Endocytosis of LDL
One well-characterized example of receptor-mediated endocytosis is the...

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Adhesion Frequency Assay for In Situ Kinetics Analysis of Cross-Junctional Molecular Interactions at the Cell-Cell Interface
13:22

Adhesion Frequency Assay for In Situ Kinetics Analysis of Cross-Junctional Molecular Interactions at the Cell-Cell Interface

Published on: November 2, 2011

Surface-bound selectin-ligand binding is regulated by carrier diffusion.

Ganyun Sun1, Yan Zhang, Bo Huo

  • 1National Microgravity Laboratory and Center for Biomechanics and Bioengineering, Institute of Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, PR China.

European Biophysics Journal : EBJ
|March 11, 2009
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Investigating receptor-ligand interactions, this study reveals that carrier diffusion significantly impacts binding. Enhanced carrier movement reduces bond formation, highlighting its crucial role in cell adhesion kinetics.

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Area of Science:

  • Biophysics
  • Cell Biology
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Two-dimensional (2D) kinetics of receptor-ligand interactions are fundamental to cell adhesion.
  • While dissociation kinetics are well-studied, the association kinetics of these interactions remain less quantified.
  • Previous studies utilized biomembrane force probe techniques to investigate surface-bound receptor-ligand interactions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop an alternative thermal fluctuation assay for quantifying receptor-ligand association kinetics.
  • To investigate the influence of carrier diffusion on receptor-ligand binding dynamics.
  • To characterize the factors regulating the association kinetics of surface-bound receptor-ligand interactions.

Main Methods:

  • Development of a novel thermal fluctuation assay utilizing optical trap technique.
  • Visualization of consecutive binding-unbinding transitions.
  • Quantification of the impact of microbead diffusion on receptor-ligand binding using selectin constructs and P-selectin glycoprotein ligand 1.

Main Results:

  • Enhanced diffusivity of the selectin-coupled carrier reduced receptor-ligand bond formation.
  • Carrier diffusion was identified as a crucial factor in determining receptor-ligand binding.
  • The 2D forward rate followed the order sPs > sLs > PLE, and bond formation exhibited history dependence.

Conclusions:

  • Carrier diffusion plays a critical role in regulating the association kinetics of surface-bound receptor-ligand interactions.
  • The optical trap assay provides a method to study binding-unbinding dynamics and diffusion effects.
  • These findings advance the understanding of the mechanisms governing cell adhesion and molecular interactions.