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Paediatric painful bladder syndrome/interstitial cystitis: diagnosis and treatment

Jason Sea1, Joel M H Teichman

  • 1Division of Urology, Providence Healthcare and Department of Urologic Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.

Drugs
|March 12, 2009
PubMed

Insights

Painful bladder syndrome/interstitial cystitis (PBS/IC) in children mimics adult symptoms, diagnosed by exclusion. Management involves lifestyle changes and medications like pentosan polysulfate or amitriptyline.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Urology
  • Urology
  • Clinical Medicine

Background:

  • Painful bladder syndrome/interstitial cystitis (PBS/IC) is a complex condition affecting children.
  • Pediatric PBS/IC shares clinical characteristics with adult presentations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the pathophysiology, diagnosis, and treatment of pediatric PBS/IC.
  • To highlight controversies in diagnosis and management of pediatric PBS/IC.

Main Methods:

  • A comprehensive review of adult and pediatric literature on PBS/IC was conducted.
  • Focus on diagnostic criteria and pharmacological interventions for pediatric cases.

Main Results:

  • Pediatric PBS/IC commonly presents with urinary frequency and abdominal pain (up to 88%).
  • Diagnosis is established by excluding other conditions; urinalysis and cultures are typically normal.
  • Enuresis can be a presenting symptom in affected children.

Conclusions:

  • Pediatric PBS/IC management parallels adult treatment strategies.
  • Non-surgical options include dietary adjustments, lifestyle modifications, and pharmacotherapy.
  • Pharmacological treatments comprise pentosan polysulfate, amitriptyline, hydroxyzine, cimetidine, or intravesical therapies.

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