[Radiopathologic update on dementias: postmortem magnetic resonance.]

Neurodegenerative diseases that course with dementia represent a public health problem that is growing in importance, mostly due to the aging of the population. Imaging techniques provide essential diagnostic and prognostic information. Some classifications of these diseases have recently been modified through the incorporation of histological, immunohistochemical, and genetic criteria. This article reviews the different radiological and pathological aspects of the most common diseases that course with dementia. We studied brains from our community's tissue bank with postmortem MRI and posterior histological examination and illustrate this exposition with images from the radiopathologic correlation.