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Published on: July 10, 2014
In vivo application of amelogenin suppresses root resorption
1Maxillofacial Orthognathics, Department of Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Function, Division of Maxillofacial/Neck Reconstruction, Graduate School, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8549, Japan.
Journal of Dental Research
|March 13, 2009
Summary
Amelogenin, an enamel protein, was found to significantly inhibit root resorption in rats by reducing odontoclast cells. This protein also suppressed RANKL expression, suggesting a novel therapeutic approach for root resorption.
Area of Science:
- Biochemistry
- Oral Biology
- Regenerative Medicine
Background:
- Amelogenin is primarily known for its role in enamel formation.
- Studies indicate amelogenin may inhibit osteoclast differentiation and root resorption.
- Amelogenin-null mutant mice exhibit significant root resorption.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the hypothesis that amelogenin inhibits root resorption by reducing odontoclast numbers.
- To evaluate the efficacy of porcine amelogenins in a rat root resorption model.
Main Methods:
- Application of porcine amelogenins to rat molar roots following replantation.
- Assessment of odontoclast numbers on root surfaces and evaluation of cementum and dentin resorption.
- In vitro studies using human odontoclastic cells and mouse bone marrow cell cultures to assess RANKL expression.
Main Results:
- Amelogenin application significantly reduced odontoclast numbers on root surfaces.
- Root resorption of cementum and dentin was inhibited by amelogenin treatment.
- Amelogenin suppressed human odontoclastic cell numbers in vitro and inhibited RANKL expression in mouse bone marrow cells.
Conclusions:
- Amelogenin application effectively suppresses root resorption in a rat model.
- The mechanism involves the inhibition of odontoclast differentiation and number.
- Amelogenin's regulation of RANKL expression is a key factor in its anti-resorptive effects, suggesting therapeutic potential.
