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Related Concept Videos

Primary Healthcare Services01:30

Primary Healthcare Services

Primary care promotes wellness and prevents disease. This care includes health promotion, education, protection (such as immunizations), early disease screening, and environmental considerations. Settings providing this type of healthcare include physician offices, public health clinics, school nursing, and community health nursing.
In 1978, international leaders convened in Alma-Ata, Kazakhstan, for what would be a pivotal event in global health. The Alma-Ata Declaration was the first to call...
Preventive Healthcare Services01:30

Preventive Healthcare Services

Preventive healthcare services keep people healthy via frequent check-ups, screening, and counseling. They primarily aid in disease prevention rather than treating an acute or chronic illness. Preventive treatment also keeps individuals productive and energetic, allowing them to work well into their retirement years. Examples of preventive care services include:
Methods Of Healthcare Delivery System01:26

Methods Of Healthcare Delivery System

At the different levels of the healthcare system, we see varying methods of healthcare used. These methods include managed care systems, case management, and primary healthcare.
Managed Care System:
The managed care system is designed to control the cost while maintaining the quality of care. The patient's care from admission to discharge is planned by the primary care provider or the case manager, also known as the gatekeeper. In a managed care system, the number of care providers is limited...
Development of the Oral Microbiota01:28

Development of the Oral Microbiota

The establishment of the oral microbiome begins before birth, challenging the long-held belief that the fetal oral cavity is sterile. The presence of oral microbes such as Streptococcus and Fusobacterium in amniotic fluid suggests that microbial exposure may occur in utero, potentially through translocation from the maternal oral or gastrointestinal tract. This early colonization primes the neonatal immune system and sets the stage for subsequent microbial succession. Maternal health,...
Methods of Documentation VI: Case Management Model01:15

Methods of Documentation VI: Case Management Model

The case management model is a multidisciplinary approach that involves healthcare professionals from diverse disciplines, such as physicians, nurses, therapists, social workers, and pharmacists, working collaboratively to address the various needs of patients. Each healthcare professional brings unique expertise and perspectives, contributing to a more comprehensive understanding of the patient's condition and tailoring treatment plans accordingly.
For example, a patient with a chronic illness...
Nursing Implementation01:15

Nursing Implementation

Implementation is the execution of the nursing care plan developed during the planning phase.
The five steps to implementing effective nursing care include reassessing the patient, reviewing and revising the existing nursing care plan, organizing the resources and care delivery, anticipating and preventing complications, and implementing nursing interventions.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 24, 2026

A Novel Method for Involving Women of Color at High Risk for Preterm Birth in Research Priority Setting
14:43

A Novel Method for Involving Women of Color at High Risk for Preterm Birth in Research Priority Setting

Published on: January 12, 2018

Prenatal care effectiveness and utilization in Brazil.

George L Wehby1, Jeffrey C Murray, Eduardo E Castilla

  • 1Dept of Health Management and Policy, University of Iowa, E204, GH, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA. george-wehby@uiowa.edu

Health Policy and Planning
|March 14, 2009
PubMed
Summary

Prenatal care significantly improves birth weight in Brazilian infants without birth defects. However, its impact is less clear for infants with birth defects, highlighting the need for tailored prenatal care strategies.

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Assessment and Evaluation of the High Risk Neonate: The NICU Network Neurobehavioral Scale
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Published on: August 25, 2014

Area of Science:

  • Maternal and Child Health
  • Perinatal Epidemiology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Prenatal care's impact on birth outcomes is understudied in South America.
  • This research focuses on Brazil, assessing prenatal care use and its effect on birth weight and gestational age.
  • Demand for prenatal care and influencing factors were also evaluated.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the effects of prenatal care use on birth weight and gestational age.
  • To evaluate the demand for prenatal care in Brazil.
  • To differentiate impacts based on the presence of birth defects.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of infant samples from Brazil, categorized by presence/absence of birth defects.
  • Utilized various measures of prenatal care use, including visit frequency and adequacy.
  • Employed quantile regression to analyze effects across different birth weight distributions.

Main Results:

  • Prenatal visits increased birth weight and gestational age in infants without birth defects.
  • Prenatal care had an insignificant effect on birth weight for infants with birth defects when adjusting for gestational age.
  • Delayed or inadequate prenatal care increased preterm birth and low birth weight risk in infants without birth defects.

Conclusions:

  • Increased prenatal care use can significantly improve birth weight in Brazil, particularly for uncomplicated pregnancies at risk for low birth weight.
  • Further research is crucial to understand prenatal care's effects on pregnancies with birth defects.
  • Maternal health, fertility indicators, and geographic factors significantly influence prenatal care utilization.