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Related Concept Videos

Tension01:10

Tension

Tension is a force along the length of a medium, in particular, a force carried by a flexible medium, such as a rope or cable. The word "tension" comes from Latin, meaning "to stretch". Not coincidentally, the flexible cords that carry muscle forces to other parts of the body are called tendons. Any flexible connector, such as a string, rope, chain, wire, or cable, can exert pull only parallel to its length; so, a force carried by a flexible connector is a tension with a direction parallel to...
Tension01:10

Tension

Tension is a force along the length of a medium, in particular, a force carried by a flexible medium, such as a rope or cable. The word "tension" comes from Latin, meaning "to stretch". Not coincidentally, the flexible cords that carry muscle forces to other parts of the body are called tendons. Any flexible connector, such as a string, rope, chain, wire, or cable, can exert pull only parallel to its length; so, a force carried by a flexible connector is a tension with a direction parallel to...
Transient Ischemic Attack l: Introduction01:26

Transient Ischemic Attack l: Introduction

A transient ischemic attack (TIA) is a brief episode of neurological dysfunction caused by a temporary, focal reduction in cerebral blood flow. Although symptoms resemble those of an ischemic stroke, the interruption in perfusion is short-lived and does not cause permanent infarction. TIAs are clinically important because they often serve as early warning events for future stroke.Mechanisms of Transient Cerebral IschemiaTransient cerebral ischemia may arise through several mechanisms. One...
Increased Intracranial Pressure l: Introduction01:14

Increased Intracranial Pressure l: Introduction

Intracranial hypertension is a sustained elevation of intracranial pressure (ICP) above 22 mm Hg. In supine adults, normal ICP is ~7–15 mm Hg.The rigid, nonexpandable cranium contains three components—brain tissue, blood, and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)—that total ~1,700 mL in a typical adult: 1,400 mL brain (~80%), 150 mL blood (~10%), and 150 mL CSF (~10%). According to the Monro–Kellie doctrine, total intracranial volume is effectively fixed. When one component expands, CSF and venous blood...
Traumatic Brain Injury l: Introduction01:28

Traumatic Brain Injury l: Introduction

DefinitionTraumatic brain injury, or TBI, is a disturbance of normal brain function induced by an external mechanical force, such as a direct blow to the head or a penetrating injury. It can affect both brain structure and function, producing a wide range of clinical outcomes. TBI is a heterogeneous condition, meaning its effects may differ based on the type, location, and severity of the injury.Basis of ClassificationTBI is classified based on severity, injury mechanism, or pathophysiology. In...
Tetanus01:29

Tetanus

Tetanus is a life-threatening neurological disorder characterized by persistent muscle contractions and spastic paralysis. It is caused by Clostridium tetani, a motile, Gram-positive, rod-shaped, obligate anaerobe. These bacteria produce terminal endospores, giving them a distinctive “lollipop” or “tennis-racket” appearance. They thrive in anaerobic environments, such as those found in deep puncture wounds.Once introduced into the body, the spores germinate into vegetative cells. These cells...

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3D-Neuronavigation In Vivo Through a Patient's Brain During a Spontaneous Migraine Headache
10:39

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Published on: June 2, 2014

Tension-type headache.

Lars Bendtsen1, Rigmor Jensen

  • 1Danish Headache Center, Department of Neurology, University of Copenhagen, Glostrup Hospital, DK-2600 Glostrup, Denmark. larben01@glo.regionh.dk

Neurologic Clinics
|March 18, 2009
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Tension-type headache (TTH) is a significant public health concern, impacting many individuals. Effective treatments are lacking, highlighting the need for new therapeutic strategies to manage TTH disability.

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Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Public Health
  • Pain Management

Background:

  • Tension-type headache (TTH) presents considerable societal and individual burdens, often overlooked as a major public health issue.
  • Prevalence rates indicate TTH affects up to 78% of the population, with chronic TTH impacting 3%.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight the public health significance of TTH.
  • To discuss the pathophysiology of TTH, distinguishing between episodic and chronic forms.
  • To emphasize the need for improved treatment strategies.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on TTH pathophysiology and treatment.
  • Analysis of prevalence data for episodic and chronic TTH.
  • Discussion of the role of myofascial nociception and central sensitization.

Main Results:

  • Pericranial myofascial nociception is implicated in episodic TTH.
  • Central sensitization of nociceptive pathways appears crucial for the transition to chronic TTH.
  • Current treatments can reduce disability but effective modalities remain limited.

Conclusions:

  • TTH represents a significant, under-recognized public health problem.
  • Understanding TTH pathophysiology is key to developing targeted treatments.
  • There is a critical need for the development of specific and effective TTH treatment strategies.