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[Spanish Pediatric Association. Madrid. Human immunodeficiency virus infection. Spanish multicenter study]
Anales Espanoles De Pediatria
|June 1, 1991
Summary
An epidemiological survey in Spain identified 1938 children born to human immunodeficiency virus-positive (HIV+) mothers between 1981-1989. Intravenous drug use in mothers was a primary risk factor, with breastfeeding potentially contributing to HIV transmission in infants.
Area of Science:
- Epidemiology
- Pediatrics
- Infectious Diseases
Context:
- An epidemiological survey was conducted in Spain from 1981-1989.
- The survey focused on children born to human immunodeficiency virus-positive (HIV+) mothers.
- Data was collected from public hospitals across Spain.
Purpose:
- To document the number of HIV+ children born to HIV+ mothers in Spain.
- To identify risk factors associated with HIV infection in these children.
- To analyze the clinical progression and outcomes of HIV infection in pediatric cases.
Summary:
- A total of 1938 HIV+ children were identified, with a notable increase in cases since 1985.
- Maternal intravenous drug use (IVDU) was prevalent in 93% of cases.
- The HIV transmission rate in children over 18 months was 25.6%, with breastfeeding identified as a potential risk factor.
- Prematurity (27%) and low birth weight (33%) were common among newborns.
- 12% of children died with Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS).
Impact:
- Spain reported more identified HIV+ children than several European countries combined.
- The findings highlight the need for specialized pediatric units to manage the growing number of cases.
- Health education and family support are crucial for combating drug use and HIV infection in Spain.