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Related Concept Videos

Microtubule Associated Motor Proteins01:32

Microtubule Associated Motor Proteins

Eukaryotic cells have different motor proteins for transporting various cargo within the cell. These motor proteins differ based on the filament they associate with, the direction they move within the cell, and the type of cargo they transport. Motor proteins that associate with microtubules are known as microtubule-associated motor proteins. There are two families of microtubule-associated motor proteins —Kinesins and Dyneins. Both these proteins assist in the transport of cellular cargos...
Role of Myosin in Cell Migration01:18

Role of Myosin in Cell Migration

Myosins are multimeric motor proteins involved in various cellular processes such as migration, adhesion, and proliferation. Myosin II is the most common type in animal cells, which binds and cross-links actin filaments.
Myosin II  is a hexamer comprising two heavy chains with globular heads and coiled-coil tails, two regulatory light chains, and two essential light chains. The ATPase sites on the myosin heads hydrolyze ATP, and the released phosphate generates the force for contraction. It is...
The Movement of Organelles and Vesicles01:43

The Movement of Organelles and Vesicles

In eukaryotic cells,  cytoskeletal filaments such as actin, microtubules, and intermediate filaments form a mesh-like cytoskeletal network. These filaments serve as tracks for transporting cellular cargo. Specialized motor proteins use the chemical energy stored in adenosine triphosphate (ATP) for this transport. During interphase, microtubules are polarized, with the plus-end towards the cell periphery and the minus-end towards the cell center. Two microtubule-associated motor proteins,...
ATP Driven Pumps I: An Overview01:27

ATP Driven Pumps I: An Overview

ATP-driven pumps, also known as transport ATPases, are integral membrane proteins. They have binding sites for ATP located on the membrane's cytosolic side and the ion-conducting domain in the transmembrane region. These pumps use the free energy released from ATP hydrolysis to move the solutes across cell membranes against an electrochemical gradient.
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Mechanism of Ciliary Motion01:05

Mechanism of Ciliary Motion

The ciliary structures were first seen in 1647 by Antonie Leeuwenhoek while observing the protozoans. In lower organisms, these appendages are responsible for cell movement, while in higher organisms, these appendages help in the movement of the extracellular fluids within the body cavities.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 24, 2026

Light-driven Molecular Motors on Surfaces for Single Molecular Imaging
08:40

Light-driven Molecular Motors on Surfaces for Single Molecular Imaging

Published on: March 13, 2019

Light-driven altitudinal molecular motors on surfaces.

Gábor London1, Gregory T Carroll, Tatiana Fernández Landaluce

  • 1Centre for Systems Chemistry, Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, Groningen 9747AG, The Netherlands.

Chemical Communications (Cambridge, England)
|March 19, 2009
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers created the fastest light-driven molecular motor grafted to a solid surface. This advancement utilized a copper(I)-catalyzed 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition to form a monolayer on quartz and silicon.

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Area of Science:

  • Supramolecular Chemistry
  • Materials Science
  • Nanotechnology

Background:

  • Molecular motors are nanoscale machines that convert chemical or light energy into directed motion.
  • Attaching molecular motors to solid surfaces enables their integration into functional devices.
  • Previous surface-grafted motors have not achieved the speed of their solution-phase counterparts.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To create the fastest light-driven molecular motor immobilized on a solid surface.
  • To investigate the performance of an altitudinal molecular motor when grafted to quartz and silicon substrates.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a copper(I)-catalyzed 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition reaction.
  • Constructed a monolayer of the molecular motor onto quartz and silicon substrates.
  • Characterized the resulting surface-grafted motor assembly.

Main Results:

  • Successfully grafted an altitudinal molecular motor onto solid surfaces.
  • Achieved the fastest light-driven molecular motor performance reported to date on a solid surface.
  • Demonstrated the feasibility of surface immobilization for high-performance molecular motors.

Conclusions:

  • Surface-grafting of molecular motors is a viable strategy to achieve high speeds.
  • The developed method enables the creation of the fastest light-driven molecular motor on a solid surface.
  • This work paves the way for advanced nanoscale devices powered by light.