Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Electrochemical Systems

Electrochemical Systems

Electrochemical systems provide a fascinating insight into the dynamic interplay of charged species within various phases. One notable example is the interaction between a membrane permeable to K⁺ ions but not to Cl⁻ ions, separating an aqueous KCl solution from pure water. As K⁺ ions diffuse through the membrane, they generate net charges on each phase, leading to a potential difference between them.Similarly, when a piece of Zn is immersed in an aqueous ZnSO₄ solution, the Zn metal, composed...

Electrochemical Gradient and Channel Proteins: An Overview

Electrochemical Gradient and Channel Proteins: An Overview

An electrochemical gradient is a fundamental concept in biology and chemistry. It regulates the movement of ions across cell membranes. This movement is influenced by two factors:
The electrical gradient: The electrical gradient across cell membranes refers to the difference in electric charge between the inside and outside of a cell. This difference drives the movement of ions towards or away from the cells. For instance, if the inside of the cell is more negatively charged relative to the...

What is an Electrochemical Gradient?

What is an Electrochemical Gradient?

Adenosine triphosphate, or ATP, is considered the primary energy source in cells. However, energy can also be stored in the electrochemical gradient of an ion across the plasma membrane, which is determined by two factors: its chemical and electrical gradients.The chemical gradient relies on differences in the abundance of a substance on the outside versus the inside of a cell and flows from areas of high to low ion concentration. In contrast, the electrical gradient revolves around an ion’s...

Uniform Depth Channel Flow

Uniform Depth Channel Flow

Uniform depth channel flow keeps fluid depth consistent along channels such as irrigation canals. In natural channels, such as rivers, approximate uniform flow is often assumed. This condition occurs when the channel’s bottom slope matches the energy slope, balancing potential energy lost from gravity with head loss due to shear stress. This balance prevents depth changes along the channel length, resulting in a steady, uniform flow.Uniform flow in open channels with a constant cross-section...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Ultrasensitive Detection of Macromolecules in Water Via Flowing Nanoparticles on a Microchip.

Nano letters·2026

Same author

Electrophoresis of Charged Dielectric Droplet With Ion Concentration Polarization Effect.

Electrophoresis·2026

Same author

Stabilizing Cubic GeSe via Metavalent Alloying for Enhanced Thermoelectric Performance.

ACS applied materials & interfaces·2026

Same author

Viscosity reduction of HPAM solutions induced by silica nanoparticle additives.

Soft matter·2026

Same author

Therapeutic potential of S-nitroso-l-cysteine in improving cardiorenal function in eNOS-KO CKD mice.

Nitric oxide : biology and chemistry·2025

Same author

Electrokinetic transport in saturated and unsaturated porous media: A pore-scale view.

Advances in colloid and interface science·2025

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 24, 2026

Generation and Control of Electrohydrodynamic Flows in Aqueous Electrolyte Solutions

Generation and Control of Electrohydrodynamic Flows in Aqueous Electrolyte Solutions

Published on: September 7, 2018

Electrokinetic transport in microchannels with random roughness.

Moran Wang¹, Qinjun Kang

¹Computational Earth Science Group (EES-16), Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA. mwang@lanl.gov

Analytical Chemistry

|March 24, 2009

Summary

This study introduces a numerical model for electrokinetic transport in rough microchannels. Roughness significantly impacts electroosmotic flow, with shape resistance being a key factor in flow reduction.

More Related Videos

AC Electrokinetic Phenomena Generated by Microelectrode Structures

AC Electrokinetic Phenomena Generated by Microelectrode Structures

Published on: July 28, 2008

Study of Cell Migration in Microfabricated Channels

Study of Cell Migration in Microfabricated Channels

Published on: February 21, 2014

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 24, 2026

Generation and Control of Electrohydrodynamic Flows in Aqueous Electrolyte Solutions

Generation and Control of Electrohydrodynamic Flows in Aqueous Electrolyte Solutions

Published on: September 7, 2018

AC Electrokinetic Phenomena Generated by Microelectrode Structures

AC Electrokinetic Phenomena Generated by Microelectrode Structures

Published on: July 28, 2008

Study of Cell Migration in Microfabricated Channels

Study of Cell Migration in Microfabricated Channels

Published on: February 21, 2014

Area of Science:

Fluid Dynamics
Electrochemistry
Computational Science

Background:

Electrokinetic transport in microchannels is crucial for lab-on-a-chip devices.
Surface roughness significantly influences fluid behavior and transport phenomena.
Accurate modeling of complex geometries is essential for predicting microchannel performance.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop a numerical framework for modeling electrokinetic transport in microchannels with random roughness.
To analyze the impact of roughness geometric characteristics on electrokinetic transport.
To investigate the relationship between roughness parameters and electroosmotic flow rate.

Main Methods:

A random generation-growth method was used to create 3D microchannel roughness with controlled statistical parameters.
Governing equations for electrokinetic transport were solved using a high-efficiency lattice Poisson-Boltzmann method.
The framework was applied to analyze the effects of roughness on electroosmotic flow.

Main Results:

For a fixed roughness volume fraction, increased number density reduced flow fluctuations.
Electroosmotic flow rate increased logarithmically with roughness number density but decreased with volume fraction.
Flow rate was enhanced by increased characteristic length along the electric field but reduced across it.
Flow rate decreased with Debye length, and shape resistance significantly reduced flow compared to smooth channels.

Conclusions:

The numerical framework effectively models electrokinetic transport in rough microchannels.
Roughness geometry, including shape resistance, plays a critical role in determining electroosmotic flow rates.
Understanding these effects is vital for designing and optimizing microfluidic devices.