Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Cardiomyopathy VII: Pre and Post Operative Nursing Management01:28

Cardiomyopathy VII: Pre and Post Operative Nursing Management

Patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) and left ventricular outflow tract (LVOT) obstruction who remain symptomatic despite optimal medical therapy may undergo a septal myectomy (Morrow procedure). This procedure involves excising a portion of the hypertrophied septum below the aortic valve using a heart-lung machine to improve blood flow through the LVOT. Effective preoperative and postoperative nursing management ensures successful patient outcomes, minimizes complications, and...
Hyperthyroidism II: Pathophysiology01:27

Hyperthyroidism II: Pathophysiology

Hyperthyroidism is a hypermetabolic state caused by elevated levels of thyroid hormones, triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4). It results from dysregulation at the thyroid, pituitary, or immune system level and affects multiple organ systems.PathophysiologyThe most common cause of hyperthyroidism is Graves’ disease, an autoimmune disorder in which antibodies, specifically thyroid-stimulating antibodies (TSAb), a subtype of TSH receptor antibodies (TRAb), bind to and activate TSH receptors...
Hypothyroidism II: Pathophysiology01:23

Hypothyroidism II: Pathophysiology

Hypothyroidism is a disorder characterized by insufficient production of thyroid hormones, which regulate metabolism, energy balance, and multiple organ systems.TypesHypothyroidism is classified based on the level of dysfunction. Primary hypothyroidism results from intrinsic thyroid gland dysfunction, causing reduced hormone production despite normal or increased stimulation. Secondary hypothyroidism arises from inadequate thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) secretion by the pituitary. Tertiary...
Hyperthyroidism I: Introduction01:25

Hyperthyroidism I: Introduction

Hyperthyroidism is a type of thyrotoxicosis characterized by the thyroid gland's overproduction of the thyroid hormones triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4). This hormone excess increases the basal metabolic rate and enhances sensitivity to catecholamines.DiagnosisDiagnosis is based on clinical features and biochemical testing. It typically shows suppressed thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) levels below 0.4 mIU/L, with elevated free T3 and/or T4. Additional tests, including thyroid...
Functions of Thyroid Hormones01:18

Functions of Thyroid Hormones

The thyroid hormone (TH) plays a pivotal role in the intricate orchestration of physiological processes, exerting profound effects on development, metabolism, and homeostasis throughout different life stages.
TH is indispensable for the normal development and maturation of the skeletal, muscular, and nervous systems during fetal and childhood growth. It facilitates bone mineral turnover and regulates protein synthesis in developing tissues, contributing significantly to overall growth and...
The Thyroid Gland01:23

The Thyroid Gland

The thyroid gland is a small, butterfly-shaped gland located in the neck and covers the anterior surface of the trachea. The gland has two lateral lobes connected by a thin tissue mass called the isthmus. Internally, each lobe comprises many small spherical structures known as thyroid follicles, surrounded by a network of blood vessels.
The follicles have a central cavity lined by simple cuboidal to squamous epithelial cells called follicular cells. These cells produce the glycoprotein...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Carcinoid Heart Disease: Surgical Timing, Right Ventricular Risk Stratification and Operative Strategy.

Journal of cardiovascular development and disease·2026
Same author

Comparative Outcomes of Total Versus Partial Pericardiectomy in Constrictive Pericarditis: A Two-Decade Single-Centre Experience.

Interdisciplinary cardiovascular and thoracic surgery·2026
Same author

CytoSorb® haemoadsorption in high-risk cardiac surgery: A focused review with proposed tiered patient selection.

Perfusion·2026
Same author

From perfusion to pathology: using echocardiography to characterize a vascular, cystic atrial myxoma.

European heart journal. Case reports·2026
Same author

A Time-Cost Analysis of Operating Room Utilization and Efficiency in Cardiac Surgery.

British journal of hospital medicine (London, England : 2005)·2025
Same author

Gender-specific differences in body mass index and cardiovascular risk adversely impact survival after aortic valve replacement.

Cardiovascular diagnosis and therapy·2025

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 24, 2026

Minimal Invasive Resection of Large Retrosternal Thyroid Goiter
04:09

Minimal Invasive Resection of Large Retrosternal Thyroid Goiter

Published on: September 20, 2024

Thyroid function during coronary surgery with and without cardiopulmonary bypass.

Theodore Velissaris1, Augustine T M Tang, Peter J Wood

  • 1Department of Cardiac Surgery, Wessex Cardiothoracic Centre, Southampton General Hospital, Southampton, United Kingdom. theovelissaris@googlemail.com

European Journal of Cardio-Thoracic Surgery : Official Journal of the European Association for Cardio-Thoracic Surgery
|March 24, 2009
PubMed
Summary

Coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) surgery, with or without cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB), causes a similar drop in free triiodothyronine (fT3) levels. This decline in fT3 is inversely related to global oxygen consumption.

More Related Videos

Investigation of the Electrophysiological and Thermographic Safety Parameters of Surgical Energy Devices During Thyroid and Parathyroid Surgery in a Porcine Model
11:46

Investigation of the Electrophysiological and Thermographic Safety Parameters of Surgical Energy Devices During Thyroid and Parathyroid Surgery in a Porcine Model

Published on: October 13, 2022

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 24, 2026

Minimal Invasive Resection of Large Retrosternal Thyroid Goiter
04:09

Minimal Invasive Resection of Large Retrosternal Thyroid Goiter

Published on: September 20, 2024

Investigation of the Electrophysiological and Thermographic Safety Parameters of Surgical Energy Devices During Thyroid and Parathyroid Surgery in a Porcine Model
11:46

Investigation of the Electrophysiological and Thermographic Safety Parameters of Surgical Energy Devices During Thyroid and Parathyroid Surgery in a Porcine Model

Published on: October 13, 2022

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Endocrinology
  • Surgical Research

Background:

  • Cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) can induce thyroid hormone alterations, mimicking euthyroid sick syndrome.
  • Similar thyroid hormone changes are observed following general surgical procedures.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate thyroid hormone changes and their correlation with global oxygen consumption in low-risk patients.
  • To compare these changes in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) with and without CPB.

Main Methods:

  • Fifty-two patients were randomized into on-pump (ONCAB) or off-pump (OPCAB) CABG groups.
  • Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), free thyroxine (fT4), and free triiodothyronine (fT3) levels were measured.
  • Global oxygen consumption was assessed using a Swan-Ganz catheter.

Main Results:

  • TSH and fT4 levels remained within normal limits in both groups.
  • A progressive decline in fT3 levels was observed in both ONCAB and OPCAB groups, with no significant intergroup difference.
  • Mean fT3 levels at 24 hours post-surgery were significantly lower than baseline in both groups and below the normal range.
  • A significant inverse relationship was found between fT3 levels and global oxygen consumption.

Conclusions:

  • Off-pump CABG surgery is associated with thyroid hormone changes comparable to conventional on-pump procedures.
  • The findings suggest a potential role for further investigation into triiodothyronine (T3) administration during off-pump CABG surgery.