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Influence of burn-induced lipid-protein complex on IL1 secretion by PBMC in vitro
G Monge1, B G Sparkes, M Allgöwer
1Zentrum für Lehre und Forschung, Kantonsspital, Basel, Switzerland.
Abstract:
The lipid-protein complex (LPC) formed by thermal injury to skin, which has been shown to have a toxic effect on mice, and which suppresses the immune response, was tested for its specific influence on monocytes. Growth of bacterial endotoxin-stimulated peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) was inhibited in the presence of LPC, however, the inhibition was less at the time of the optimal rate of cell proliferation. Inhibition was proportional to LPC concentration. ConA-stimulated PBMC were also inhibited by LPC in a dose-related manner. PBMC, in the presence of LPC, secreted interleukin 1 (IL1) at an increasing rate as LPC concentration rose from 5 to 40 micrograms/ml, and the levels of IL1 which could be induced by endotoxin were increasingly amplified in the presence of LPC. In comparison to LPC, the native tissue proteins which were isolated from unburned skin by the same techniques which produced LPC from burned skin, were tested for their effect on PBMC. Native proteins had no effect on IL1 secretion, whether on background or endotoxin-stimulated levels. Thus, the thermally induced change in skin proteins has a specific effect on monocyte IL1 secretion which is not matched by the native proteins, indicating that burn injury to skin specifically affects the lymphokine cascade and consequent immune function.
Insights
Thermal injury creates a lipid-protein complex (LPC) that suppresses immune cells. This complex alters monocyte interleukin-1 (IL1) secretion, impacting immune function after burn injuries.
Area of Science:
- Immunology
- Dermatology
- Biochemistry
Background:
- Thermal injury to skin produces a lipid-protein complex (LPC).
- LPC has demonstrated toxic effects in mice and immune suppression.
- The specific impact of LPC on monocytes requires further investigation.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the specific effects of LPC on monocyte function.
- To determine LPC's influence on interleukin-1 (IL1) secretion by peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC).
- To compare the effects of LPC with native skin proteins on immune responses.
Main Methods:
- Incubation of bacterial endotoxin- and ConA-stimulated PBMC with varying concentrations of LPC.
- Measurement of IL1 secretion levels in PBMC cultures.
- Comparison of LPC's effects with those of native skin proteins isolated from unburned skin.
Main Results:
- LPC inhibited the growth of endotoxin-stimulated PBMC in a dose-dependent manner.
- LPC significantly altered IL1 secretion, increasing both basal and endotoxin-induced levels.
- Native skin proteins did not affect IL1 secretion, highlighting the specific impact of thermally altered proteins.
Conclusions:
- Thermally induced changes in skin proteins (LPC) specifically affect monocyte IL1 secretion.
- LPC influences the lymphokine cascade, leading to altered immune function post-burn injury.
- These findings indicate a targeted mechanism by which burn injuries compromise immune responses.