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Related Concept Videos

Lateralization01:28

Lateralization

Brain lateralization refers to the division of mental processes and functions between the two hemispheres of the brain, a phenomenon that optimizes neural efficiency and underpins complex abilities in humans. This specialization allows each hemisphere to perform tasks where it has a comparative advantage, facilitating more refined cognitive capabilities across different domains.
Cerebral Hemispheres01:05

Cerebral Hemispheres

The human brain, a complex organ, is functionally divided into two cerebral hemispheres—left and right. These hemispheres are interconnected by a structure of paramount importance, the corpus callosum. This substantial bundle of neural fibers is not just a bridge between the hemispheres but a crucial element for the brain's comprehensive functioning. It enables efficient communication between the two hemispheres, allowing each side of the brain to control and receive sensory and motor...

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Network Analysis of the Default Mode Network Using Functional Connectivity MRI in Temporal Lobe Epilepsy
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Temporal sequence of hemispheric network activation during semantic processing: a functional network connectivity

Michal Assaf1, Kanchana Jagannathan, Vince Calhoun

  • 1Olin Neuropsychiatry Research Center, Institute of Living, Hartford Hospital, Hartford, CT, United States. massaf@harthosp.org

Brain and Cognition
|March 25, 2009
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The right hemisphere (RH) activates before the left hemisphere (LH) during semantic memory (SM) tasks, with stronger connectivity in skilled individuals. This RH-first activation facilitates object retrieval from SM.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Neuroimaging

Background:

  • Semantic memory (SM) is crucial for object recognition and retrieval.
  • Understanding hemispheric roles in SM processing is key to cognitive neuroscience.
  • Previous research suggests lateralization but lacks detailed temporal dynamics.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the temporal sequence and interhemispheric relationship during semantic memory processing.
  • To identify neural networks involved in the semantic object retrieval task (SORT).
  • To correlate functional network connectivity (FNC) with performance in SORT.

Main Methods:

  • Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) was used in 47 healthy adults.
  • Group independent component analysis (ICA) identified neural networks.
  • Functional network connectivity (FNC) analyzed temporal correlations between network components.

Main Results:

  • Two independent ICA components represented semantic left and right hemisphere networks.
  • These networks showed highly correlated time courses, with RH activation preceding LH activation.
  • The correlation between RH and LH activation was stronger in better SORT performers.

Conclusions:

  • Right hemisphere (RH) activation precedes left hemisphere (LH) activation in semantic memory retrieval.
  • This sequential activation facilitates object retrieval from semantic memory.
  • Enhanced interhemispheric connectivity correlates with superior performance in semantic tasks.