Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Mitochondrial Membranes

Mitochondrial Membranes

A single mitochondrion is a bean-shaped organelle enclosed by a double-membrane system. The outer membrane of mitochondria is smooth and contains many porins - the integral membrane transporters. Porins enable free diffusion of ions and small uncharged molecules through the outer mitochondrial membrane but limit the transport of molecules larger than 5000 Daltons. Further, the outer mitochondrial membrane forms a unique structure called membrane contact sites with other subcellular organelles,...

Mitochondrial Membranes

Mitochondrial Membranes

A single mitochondrion is a bean-shaped organelle enclosed by a double-membrane system. The outer membrane of mitochondria is smooth and contains many porins - the integral membrane transporters. Porins enable free diffusion of ions and small uncharged molecules through the outer mitochondrial membrane but limit the transport of molecules larger than 5000 Daltons. Further, the outer mitochondrial membrane forms a unique structure called membrane contact sites with other subcellular organelles,...

Mitochondria

Mitochondria

Mitochondria are eukaryotic cellular organelles that are known to produce energy through a process called oxidative phosphorylation. Besides their primary function, mitochondria are involved in various cellular processes, including cell growth, differentiation, signaling, metabolism, and senescence. Age-related changes cause a decline in mitochondrial quality and integrity due to increased mitochondrial mutations and oxidative damage. Thus, aging can severely impact mitochondrial functions,...

Mitochondria

Mitochondria

Mitochondria are eukaryotic cellular organelles that are known to produce energy through a process called oxidative phosphorylation. Besides their primary function, mitochondria are involved in various cellular processes, including cell growth, differentiation, signaling, metabolism, and senescence. Age-related changes cause a decline in mitochondrial quality and integrity due to increased mitochondrial mutations and oxidative damage. Thus, aging can severely impact mitochondrial functions,...

Electron Transport Chain: Complex I and II

Electron Transport Chain: Complex I and II

The mitochondrial electron transport chain (ETC) is the main energy generation system in the eukaryotic cells. However, mitochondria also produce cytotoxic reactive oxygen species (ROS) due to the large electron flow during oxidative phosphorylation. While Complex I is one of the primary sources of superoxide radicals, ROS production by Complex II is uncommon and may only be observed in cancer cells with mutated complexes.
ROS generation is regulated and maintained at moderate levels necessary...

The Inner Mitochondrial Membrane

The Inner Mitochondrial Membrane

The inner mitochondrial membrane is the primary site of ATP synthesis. The inner membrane domain that forms a smooth layer adjacent to the outer membrane is called the inner boundary membrane. This domain contains membrane transporters that drive metabolites in and out of the mitochondria. In contrast, the inner membrane network that invaginates into the matrix space is called the cristae membrane. This domain accounts for principle mitochondrial function as it accommodates the protein...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

A ketogenic diet improves memory in females in the APOE4 mouse model of Alzheimer's disease.

GeroScience·2025

Same author

The Nutrigenomic Effect of Mela Rosa Marchigiana Callus Extract on Cellular Senescence: Insight From a Preliminary In Vitro Study.

Molecular nutrition & food research·2025

Same author

Mitochondrial targets in ischaemic heart disease and heart failure, and their potential for a more efficient clinical translation. A scientific statement of the ESC Working Group on Cellular Biology of the Heart and the ESC Working Group on Myocardial Function.

European journal of heart failure·2025

Same author

Enhancement of mitochondrial calcium uptake is cardioprotective against maladaptive hypertrophy by retrograde signaling uptuning Akt.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·2025

Same author

Histone H3 K4 trimethylation occurs mainly at the origins of polycistronic transcription in the genome of Leishmania infantum promastigotes and intracellular amastigotes.

BMC genomics·2025

Same author

Measurement of Mitochondrial ROS Formation.

Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.)·2024

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 24, 2026

Evaluation of Bioenergetic Function in Cerebral Vascular Endothelial Cells

Evaluation of Bioenergetic Function in Cerebral Vascular Endothelial Cells

Published on: November 19, 2016

Mitochondria and vascular pathology.

Fabio Di Lisa¹, Nina Kaludercic, Andrea Carpi

¹Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy. dilisa@bio.unipd.it

Pharmacological Reports : PR

|March 25, 2009

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Mitochondria generate reactive oxygen species (ROS), contributing to vascular diseases like atherosclerosis. Reducing mitochondrial ROS and enhancing antioxidant defenses may prevent or treat these conditions.

More Related Videos

Histological Examination of Mitochondrial Morphology in a Parkinson's Disease Model

Histological Examination of Mitochondrial Morphology in a Parkinson's Disease Model

Published on: June 23, 2023

Using Live Cell STED Imaging to Visualize Mitochondrial Inner Membrane Ultrastructure in Neuronal Cell Models

Using Live Cell STED Imaging to Visualize Mitochondrial Inner Membrane Ultrastructure in Neuronal Cell Models

Published on: June 30, 2023

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 24, 2026

Evaluation of Bioenergetic Function in Cerebral Vascular Endothelial Cells

Evaluation of Bioenergetic Function in Cerebral Vascular Endothelial Cells

Published on: November 19, 2016

Histological Examination of Mitochondrial Morphology in a Parkinson's Disease Model

Histological Examination of Mitochondrial Morphology in a Parkinson's Disease Model

Published on: June 23, 2023

Using Live Cell STED Imaging to Visualize Mitochondrial Inner Membrane Ultrastructure in Neuronal Cell Models

Using Live Cell STED Imaging to Visualize Mitochondrial Inner Membrane Ultrastructure in Neuronal Cell Models

Published on: June 30, 2023

Area of Science:

Mitochondrial biology
Vascular pathology
Oxidative stress

Background:

Mitochondrial permeability transition pore (PTP) opening and reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation cause mitochondrial dysfunction.
These processes are linked and implicated in ischemia/reperfusion injury and vascular pathology.
PTP opening leads to cell death in endothelial and smooth muscle cells, contributing to atherosclerosis.

Purpose of the Study:

To explore the role of mitochondria in ROS formation and atherosclerosis.
To investigate the contribution of mitochondrial components like MAO and p66Shc to ROS generation.
To understand how mitochondrial dysfunction relates to atherosclerosis risk factors.

Main Methods:

Review of existing literature on mitochondrial function, ROS, and atherosclerosis.
Analysis of studies involving PTP opening, ROS generation, and antioxidant defenses.
Examination of evidence linking MAO and p66Shc to mitochondrial ROS production and vascular health.

Main Results:

Mitochondria are identified as major sites of ROS formation.
Increased mitochondrial ROS and decreased antioxidant defenses exacerbate atherosclerosis.
Mitochondrial dysfunction is linked to atherosclerosis risk factors such as diabetes, hyperlipidemia, and hypertension.

Conclusions:

Mitochondria play a critical role in ROS production, influencing vascular health.
Targeting mitochondrial ROS and dysfunction presents a potential therapeutic strategy for atherosclerosis.
Further research into specific mitochondrial components involved in ROS generation is warranted.