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Transdermal and oral clonidine.

M Lilja1, H Juustila, S Sarna

  • 1Department of Internal Medicine, University of Oulu, Finland.

Annals of Medicine
|August 1, 1991
PubMed
Summary
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Transdermal clonidine and oral clonidine show similar antihypertensive effects in mild to moderate hypertension. Once-weekly transdermal application may improve patient adherence to treatment.

Area of Science:

  • Pharmacology
  • Cardiovascular Medicine
  • Clinical Pharmacy

Background:

  • Hypertension management requires effective and compliant treatment options.
  • Transdermal drug delivery systems offer potential advantages in patient adherence.
  • Clonidine is an established antihypertensive medication available in oral and transdermal formulations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare the antihypertensive efficacy and side effects of transdermal clonidine (Catapres-TTS) versus oral clonidine.
  • To evaluate patient preference and compliance between the two clonidine formulations.
  • To assess plasma clonidine concentrations with transdermal versus oral administration.

Main Methods:

  • Double-blind, double-dummy, cross-over study in 16 outpatients with mild to moderate hypertension.

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  • Patients received placebo, followed by six weeks of transdermal or oral clonidine, then a placebo week, and finally six weeks of the alternative active treatment.
  • Blood pressure, heart rate, plasma clonidine levels, and side effects were monitored.

    • Main Results:

    • Both transdermal and oral clonidine significantly reduced blood pressure and heart rate compared to placebo.
    • No significant differences in antihypertensive efficacy were observed between transdermal and oral clonidine.
    • Plasma clonidine levels were lower 12 hours after oral administration compared to transdermal.
    • Side effect profiles were similar between the two formulations, with a slight patient preference for transdermal treatment.

    Conclusions:

    • Transdermal clonidine is therapeutically equivalent to oral clonidine for managing mild to moderate hypertension.
    • The convenience of once-weekly transdermal application may enhance patient compliance.
    • Transdermal clonidine presents a viable alternative for patients requiring antihypertensive therapy.