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Microbial leaching, also known as bioleaching, is an environmentally favorable method for extracting metals from low-grade ores using specific microorganisms. This biotechnological approach is particularly valuable for mining operations targeting copper, gold, and uranium, where traditional extraction methods may be economically or environmentally impractical.Copper Leaching and Microbial CatalysisIn copper bioleaching, crushed ore is arranged into heaps and irrigated with a dilute sulfuric...

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Depleted zinc: Properties, application, production.

V D Borisevich1, A V Pavlov, I A Okhotina

  • 1Moscow Engineering Physics Institute (State University), Kashirskoye Shosse, Moscow 115409, Russia. VDBorisevich@mephi.ru

Applied Radiation and Isotopes : Including Data, Instrumentation and Methods for Use in Agriculture, Industry and Medicine
|March 26, 2009
PubMed
Summary

Adding depleted zinc to nuclear reactors reduces cobalt-60 buildup and material corrosion. This enhances reactor lifespan and safety by minimizing radioactive waste and personnel radiation exposure.

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Characterizing Mammalian Zinc Transporters Using an In Vitro Zinc Transport Assay
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Characterizing Mammalian Zinc Transporters Using an In Vitro Zinc Transport Assay

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Area of Science:

  • Nuclear Engineering
  • Materials Science
  • Radiochemistry

Background:

  • Nuclear reactors accumulate cobalt-60 on interior surfaces, increasing radiation exposure and reducing service life.
  • Intergranular stress corrosion cracking (IGSCC) is a significant issue affecting nuclear reactor integrity and longevity.
  • Radioactive waste generation and personnel radiation exposure are critical concerns in nuclear power plant (NPP) operations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the efficacy of depleted zinc (specifically ZnO and zinc acetate dihydrate) in mitigating Co-60 accumulation in nuclear reactors.
  • To assess the impact of depleted zinc on reducing radioactive waste and extending the operational service life of nuclear reactors.
  • To investigate the role of zinc in inhibiting intergranular stress corrosion cracking (IGSCC) in reactor materials.

Main Methods:

  • Application of zinc oxide (ZnO) in boiling water reactors (BWRs).
  • Utilization of depleted zinc acetate dihydrate in pressurized water reactors (PWRs).
  • Industrial-scale production of depleted zinc using gas centrifuge isotope separation.

Main Results:

  • Reduced accumulation of cobalt-60 (Co-60) on internal reactor surfaces.
  • Significant decrease in radioactive waste generation.
  • Inhibition of intergranular stress corrosion cracking (IGSCC) by zinc, leading to extended reactor service life.
  • Demonstrated reduction in NPP personnel radiation exposure over 20 years of application.
  • Effective combating of construction material corrosion.

Conclusions:

  • Depleted zinc is a highly effective additive for enhancing nuclear reactor safety and operational efficiency.
  • The use of depleted zinc significantly lowers Co-60 buildup, radioactive waste, and material corrosion.
  • Long-term application confirms the benefits of depleted zinc in reducing radiation exposure and extending reactor service life.