Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Stability of Equilibrium Configuration01:23

Stability of Equilibrium Configuration

Understanding the stability of equilibrium configurations is a fundamental part of mechanical engineering. In any system, there are three distinct types of equilibrium: stable, neutral, and unstable.
A stable equilibrium occurs when a system tends to return to its original position when given a small displacement, and the potential energy is at its minimum. An example of a stable equilibrium is when a cantilever beam is fixed at one end and a weight is attached to the other end. If the weight...
Microtubule Instability02:17

Microtubule Instability

Microtubules are hollow cylindrical filaments having a diameter of approximately 25 nm and a length that varies from 200 nm to 25 μm. GTP-bound tubulin subunits form αβ-heterodimers for microtubule assembly. These core building blocks interact longitudinally, polymerizing into protofilaments. The protofilaments then interact with one another through lateral bonding forces to form stable cylindrical microtubules. These cylindrical filaments are dynamic as they undergo repeated assembly and...
Stability of structures01:14

Stability of structures

In mechanical engineering, the stability of systems under various forces is critical for designing durable and efficient structures. One fundamental way to explore these concepts is by analyzing systems like two rods connected at a pivot point, O, with a torsional spring of spring constant k at the pivot point. This system is similar in appearance to a scissor jack used to change tires on a car. In this case, the arms of the linkage (equivalent to the rods in this system) are entirely vertical,...
Network Covalent Solids02:18

Network Covalent Solids

Network covalent solids contain a three-dimensional network of covalently bonded atoms as found in the crystal structures of nonmetals like diamond, graphite, silicon, and some covalent compounds, such as silicon dioxide (sand) and silicon carbide (carborundum, the abrasive on sandpaper). Many minerals have networks of covalent bonds.
To break or to melt a covalent network solid, covalent bonds must be broken. Because covalent bonds are relatively strong, covalent network solids are typically...
Fermi Level Dynamics01:12

Fermi Level Dynamics

The vacuum level denotes the energy threshold required for an electron to escape from a material surface. It is usually positioned above the conduction band of a semiconductor and acts as a benchmark for comparing electron energies within various materials.
Electron affinity in semiconductors refers to the energy gap between the minimum of its conduction band and the vacuum level and it is a critical parameter in determining how easily a semiconductor can accept additional electrons.
The work...
Stability of Conjugated Dienes01:28

Stability of Conjugated Dienes

Introduction
A comparison of the enthalpies of hydrogenation of dienes reveals that conjugated dienes release less heat on hydrogenation, rendering them more stable than their nonconjugated analogs.

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Raman spectral unmixing for quantitative analysis of multicomponent amino acid mixtures.

Analytical and bioanalytical chemistry·2026
Same author

Interparticle Ion Migration in Cesium Lead Mixed-Halide Perovskite Nanocrystal Superlattices.

Nano letters·2026
Same author

Sweat Gland Carcinoma of the Lower Eyelid.

Deutsches Arzteblatt international·2026
Same author

Controlled Formation of Carbon Nanotubes and Nanotube Junctions from Bilayer Graphene.

Small (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)·2026
Same author

Structural and Plasmonic Evolution in Mixed-Dimensionality Bismuth/Graphene Heterostructures.

ACS applied materials & interfaces·2026
Same author

Atomistic Origin of Photoluminescence Quenching in Colloidal MoS<sub>2</sub> and WS<sub>2</sub> Nanoplatelets.

Nano letters·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 24, 2026

Fabrication of Gate-tunable Graphene Devices for Scanning Tunneling Microscopy Studies with Coulomb Impurities
11:42

Fabrication of Gate-tunable Graphene Devices for Scanning Tunneling Microscopy Studies with Coulomb Impurities

Published on: July 24, 2015

Graphene at the edge: stability and dynamics.

Caglar O Girit1, Jannik C Meyer, Rolf Erni

  • 1Department of Physics, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.

Science (New York, N.Y.)
|March 28, 2009
PubMed
Summary

Scientists directly observed individual carbon atoms moving at the edge of a graphene hole in real-time movies. This groundbreaking study reveals atomic rearrangement and ejection dynamics at this unique low-dimensional interface.

More Related Videos

Fabrication of Three-Dimensional Graphene-Based Polyhedrons via Origami-Like Self-Folding
14:52

Fabrication of Three-Dimensional Graphene-Based Polyhedrons via Origami-Like Self-Folding

Published on: September 23, 2018

Synthesis of Graphene Nanofluids with Controllable Flake Size Distributions
07:32

Synthesis of Graphene Nanofluids with Controllable Flake Size Distributions

Published on: July 17, 2019

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 24, 2026

Fabrication of Gate-tunable Graphene Devices for Scanning Tunneling Microscopy Studies with Coulomb Impurities
11:42

Fabrication of Gate-tunable Graphene Devices for Scanning Tunneling Microscopy Studies with Coulomb Impurities

Published on: July 24, 2015

Fabrication of Three-Dimensional Graphene-Based Polyhedrons via Origami-Like Self-Folding
14:52

Fabrication of Three-Dimensional Graphene-Based Polyhedrons via Origami-Like Self-Folding

Published on: September 23, 2018

Synthesis of Graphene Nanofluids with Controllable Flake Size Distributions
07:32

Synthesis of Graphene Nanofluids with Controllable Flake Size Distributions

Published on: July 17, 2019

Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Surface Physics
  • Nanotechnology

Background:

  • Extensive research exists on material physics at surfaces and edges.
  • Direct real-time observation of individual atom movement at isolated edges remains a challenge.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To directly observe and record the real-time dynamics of individual carbon atoms at the edge of a hole in graphene.
  • To investigate the mechanisms of edge reconstruction and atomic behavior at a low-dimensional interface.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a transmission electron aberration-corrected microscope with simultaneous atomic spatial and 1-second temporal resolution.
  • Created real-time movies capturing atomic movements at the graphene hole's edge.

Main Results:

  • Recorded the rearrangement of carbon-carbon bonds and beam-induced ejection of carbon atoms as the hole expanded.
  • Demonstrated the stability of the "zigzag" edge configuration.
  • Observed complex atomic behavior at the boundary of the graphene hole.

Conclusions:

  • This study provides the first direct real-time observation of individual atom dynamics at an isolated graphene edge.
  • The findings offer insights into the fundamental physics governing atomic behavior at low-dimensional interfaces.
  • The "zigzag" edge configuration was confirmed as a stable structure.