Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jun 24, 2026

02:49
A Swine Burn Model for Investigating the Healing Process in Multiple Depth Burn Wounds
Published on: February 23, 2024
[Deep dermal alkali burns caused by work with screed].
1Zentrum für Schwerbrandverletzte mit Plastischer Chriurgie, Unfallkrankenhaus Berlin, Warenerstr. 7, 12683 Berlin. otto1701de@yahoo.de
Der Unfallchirurg
|March 28, 2009
Summary
Workers frequently underestimate the risk of deep alkali burns from screed, despite safety warnings. Improved hazard communication is needed to prevent these severe injuries.
Area of Science:
- Occupational health
- Dermatology
- Chemical safety
Context:
- Retrospective study of 10 patients treated for deep dermal alkali burns caused by screed between 2000-2007.
- Analysis conducted at the Center for Plastic Surgery of the Trauma Hospital Berlin.
Purpose:
- To assess the risk perception of alkali burns among construction workers.
- To evaluate the effectiveness of current safety advice regarding screed handling.
- To determine the correlation between perceived risk and protective clothing usage.
Summary:
- All 10 patients with deep alkali burns (second and third degree) from screed underestimated the injury risk.
- None of the affected patients wore the recommended protective clothing at the time of the accident.
- Current safety warnings labeling screed as merely "irritant" are insufficient.
Impact:
- Highlights a critical gap in occupational safety awareness for screed-related alkali burns.
- Recommends reclassifying screed hazards from "irritant" to "can cause alkali burns" to enhance worker awareness.
- Aims to reduce the incidence of severe chemical burns in the construction industry through improved safety communication.
Related Concept Videos
Burn Injuries
Burn injuries occur when the skin and underlying tissues are damaged due to exposure to heat, electricity, chemicals, radiation, or friction. They can vary in severity, from minor superficial burns to severe deep burns that can be life-threatening.
The damage results in the death of skin cells, which can lead to a massive loss of fluid. Dehydration, electrolyte imbalance, and renal and circulatory failure follow, which can be fatal. Burn patients are treated with intravenous fluids to offset...
The damage results in the death of skin cells, which can lead to a massive loss of fluid. Dehydration, electrolyte imbalance, and renal and circulatory failure follow, which can be fatal. Burn patients are treated with intravenous fluids to offset...
Alkali Aggregate Reaction in Concrete
The alkali-aggregate reaction in concrete involves natural siliceous minerals in aggregates reacting with alkaline hydroxides derived from cement alkalis. This reaction forms an alkali-silica gel that absorbs water, swells, and increases in volume, which is confined by the surrounding cement paste, creating internal pressures that crack and disrupt the concrete. The extent of expansion and damage can be partly attributed to the alkali-silica reaction's osmotic hydraulic pressure and the...
Bleeding in Fresh Concrete
Bleeding in fresh concrete occurs when water from the mix rises to the surface. This happens because the mix's solid components fail to retain all the water as they settle, leading to separation where water collects at the top. The severity of bleeding can be measured by assessing the total settlement or by noting the decrease in height per unit height of concrete.
Bleeding can cause several issues in the concrete structure. Sometimes, the rising water gets trapped beneath large aggregate...
Bleeding can cause several issues in the concrete structure. Sometimes, the rising water gets trapped beneath large aggregate...
Diabetic Foot Ulcer
Definition A diabetic foot ulcer (DFU) is a chronic, non-healing wound that develops in individuals with diabetes. It typically occurs on pressure-bearing areas such as the heel, metatarsal heads, or hallux, and carries a high risk of infection and amputation.Pathophysiology • The development of DFUs can be explained by four interconnected mechanisms: neuropathy, ischemia, infection, and impaired wound healing. • Neuropathy is the most common factor. Sensory neuropathy reduces pain perception,...
Acid Attack on Concrete
When acids come into contact with concrete, they initiate a chemical reaction that dissolves the hydrated cement paste. This process leads to softening and structural weakening of the concrete. This issue is commonly observed in environments such as chimneys, sewers, and industrial settings. The severity of the damage increases as the pH of the water interacting with the concrete drops below 6.5. In particular, a pH under 4.5 can cause significant concrete damage.
The rate at which hydrogen...
The rate at which hydrogen...
Healing II: Complications
Complications during healing arise when tissue repair is altered by local or systemic factors. These changes involve abnormal collagen deposition, altered biomechanics, and reduced vascular supply, impairing restoration of normal structure and function.Loss of FunctionScar tissue differs significantly from the original tissue it replaces. In the skin, fibrosis lacks adnexal structures such as hair follicles, sebaceous glands, and sweat glands. Their absence reduces tactile sensitivity, impairs...

