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Related Concept Videos

Minerals01:26

Minerals

Minerals are essential nutrients that the human body needs in small amounts to work properly. They play a vital role in many bodily functions, such as building strong bones and transmitting nerve impulses. Some minerals are needed for hormone production or to maintain a normal heartbeat. Major minerals include calcium, phosphorus, potassium, sulfur, sodium, chlorine, and magnesium, while trace minerals include iron, manganese, copper, iodine, zinc, cobalt, fluoride, and selenium.
Essential Minerals for Bone Health01:31

Essential Minerals for Bone Health

The minerals contained in all of the food we consume are essential for our organ systems. However, certain essential minerals, such as calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, manganese, and fluoride, largely affect bone health.
Calcium and Phosphorus
Calcium is a critical component of bones, especially in the form of calcium phosphate and calcium carbonate. Since the body cannot make calcium, it must be obtained from the diet. However, calcium cannot be absorbed from the small intestine without...
Tooth Anatomy01:21

Tooth Anatomy

The human tooth enables us to eat a variety of foods, speak clearly, and even aid in shaping our faces. Teeth are composed of various elements that work together. Here's a detailed look at the anatomy of a human tooth.
The Crown, Neck, and Root
The visible part of the tooth is referred to as the crown. It's covered by enamel, the hardest substance in the human body. The crown is uniquely shaped for each type of tooth, allowing for different functions such as cutting, tearing, or grinding food.
Development of the Oral Microbiota01:28

Development of the Oral Microbiota

The establishment of the oral microbiome begins before birth, challenging the long-held belief that the fetal oral cavity is sterile. The presence of oral microbes such as Streptococcus and Fusobacterium in amniotic fluid suggests that microbial exposure may occur in utero, potentially through translocation from the maternal oral or gastrointestinal tract. This early colonization primes the neonatal immune system and sets the stage for subsequent microbial succession. Maternal health,...
Teeth01:15

Teeth

The formation of teeth, also known as odontogenesis, is a complex process that begins in utero, around the sixth week of embryonic development. There are three stages to this process: the bud stage, the cap stage, and the bell stage.
In the bud stage, the tooth germ (an aggregation of cells) starts to form in the developing jawbone. During the cap stage, the tooth germ differentiates into enamel organ, dental papilla, and dental sac, which will later develop into the tooth's enamel, dentin and...
Prevention of Further Absorption of Poison01:14

Prevention of Further Absorption of Poison

In cases of acute poisoning, the primary objective is to prevent further absorption of the toxic substance into the body. Immediate interventions using various decontamination techniques targeting the gastrointestinal (GI) tract can achieve this. Decontamination is crucial to prevent poison from entering the systemic circulation, which involves washing affected areas with water and mild soap and removing contaminated clothing. Once external decontamination is done, attention must be turned to...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 24, 2026

Impact of Common Fruit Juices and Toothbrushing on the Discoloration of Primary Teeth
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Does fluoride in compomers prevent future caries in children?

F Trachtenberg1, N N Maserejian, J A Soncini

  • 1New England Research Institutes, Watertown, MA 02472, USA. ftrachtenberg@neriscience.com

Journal of Dental Research
|March 31, 2009
PubMed
Summary

This study compared compomer and amalgam dental fillings. Researchers found no significant difference in preventing future cavities between the two materials over five years.

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Area of Science:

  • Dental Materials Science
  • Caries Prevention
  • Pediatric Dentistry

Background:

  • Compomer (composite polymer) dental restorations are known to release fluoride, a key agent in preventing tooth decay (caries).
  • Amalgam, a traditional dental filling material, does not release fluoride.
  • Clinical trials are necessary to compare the anticariogenic (cavity-preventing) efficacy of compomer versus amalgam restorations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To test the hypothesis that compomer restorations are associated with fewer future caries compared to amalgam restorations.
  • To evaluate the long-term effectiveness of compomer and amalgam in preventing secondary caries in pediatric patients.
  • To compare the incidence of new carious lesions in children receiving compomer versus amalgam restorations.

Main Methods:

  • The New England Children's Amalgam Trial enrolled 534 children aged 6-10 years with existing posterior tooth decay.
  • Participants received either compomer or amalgam restorations in primary posterior teeth, utilizing a fluoride-releasing bonding agent.
  • Survival analysis was employed to assess the association between restorative material and the occurrence of future caries over a five-year period.

Main Results:

  • A total of 1085 compomer and 954 amalgam restorations were followed for an average of 2.8 years in 441 children.
  • No statistically significant difference was observed in the rate of new caries on different surfaces of the same tooth between compomer and amalgam groups.
  • While incident caries on other teeth appeared slightly sooner after compomer placement (p=0.007), this difference was negligible by the five-year mark.

Conclusions:

  • Under the conditions of this clinical trial, fluoride-releasing compomer restorations did not demonstrate a preventive benefit over amalgam restorations in terms of future caries development.
  • The study suggests that the choice between compomer and amalgam may not significantly impact the incidence of new caries in the evaluated pediatric population.
  • Further research may be warranted to explore other factors influencing caries development in relation to different dental restorative materials.