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Chikungunya infection in children

Meghna R Sebastian1, Rakesh Lodha, S K Kabra

  • 1Department of Pediatrics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India.

Indian Journal of Pediatrics
|March 31, 2009
PubMed

Insights

Chikungunya fever, a viral illness transmitted by Aedes mosquitoes, presents with varied symptoms. Children are at higher risk for severe disease, requiring careful symptomatic treatment.

Area of Science:

  • Virology
  • Epidemiology
  • Pediatrics

Background:

  • Chikungunya virus (CHIK) causes Chikungunya fever, transmitted by Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus mosquitoes.
  • The disease has a median incubation period of 2 to 4 days and can be transmitted vertically from mother to child.
  • Clinical manifestations range from asymptomatic to severe, with children being a high-risk group for severe outcomes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To summarize the clinical manifestations and treatment of Chikungunya fever.
  • To highlight the distinct clinical features and risks in pediatric populations.
  • To provide guidance on symptomatic management, including medication considerations.

Main Methods:

  • Review of clinical manifestations of Chikungunya fever.
  • Analysis of risk factors and vulnerable populations, particularly children.
  • Summary of current treatment strategies and drug recommendations.

Main Results:

  • Common symptoms include fever, rash, arthralgia, and conjunctivitis.
  • Severe manifestations and distinct clinical features are observed in children.
  • Neurological complications and gastrointestinal symptoms in infants are noted.
  • Symptomatic treatment with paracetamol is recommended; NSAIDs are generally avoided but may be used in convalescence.

Conclusions:

  • Chikungunya fever presents a broad spectrum of illness, with children facing increased risk of severe disease.
  • Prompt recognition of clinical features and appropriate symptomatic management are crucial.
  • Further research into pediatric Chikungunya manifestations and optimal treatment is warranted.

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