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Microbiological Profile of Airway in Indian Children With Cystic Fibrosis: A Multicenter Prospective Cohort Study

Prawin Kumar1, Jagdish Prasad Goyal1, Javeed Iqbal Bhat2

  • 1Department of Pediatrics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), Jodhpur, India.

Pediatric Pulmonology
|July 22, 2025
PubMed

Insights

The most common airway microbe in Indian children with cystic fibrosis (CF) is Pseudomonas aeruginosa. This study provides crucial antibiotic sensitivity data to guide treatment and antibiotic stewardship for CF patients in India.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric pulmonology
  • Microbiology
  • Infectious diseases

Background:

  • Limited data exists on the microbiological landscape of cystic fibrosis (CF) in Indian pediatric populations.
  • Understanding airway microbial colonization is critical for managing CF progression and treatment outcomes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To characterize the airway microbiological profile in Indian children diagnosed with CF.
  • To determine antibiotic sensitivity patterns for common respiratory pathogens in this cohort.

Main Methods:

  • The study included children aged 18 years or younger with newly diagnosed CF.
  • Respiratory samples were collected at diagnosis, during follow-up, and pulmonary exacerbations.
  • Microbiological analysis identified organisms and their antibiotic susceptibility.

Main Results:

  • Pseudomonas aeruginosa was the most frequently isolated organism at enrollment (36.8%) and follow-up (26.8%).
  • Staphylococcus aureus was the second most common pathogen.
  • Significant antibiotic resistance was observed, ranging from 1.8% to 76.6%.

Conclusions:

  • This is the first nationwide study detailing the airway microbial profile in Indian children with CF.
  • Pseudomonas aeruginosa is the predominant pathogen, necessitating targeted therapeutic strategies.
  • The generated antibiotic sensitivity data will aid in antibiotic stewardship and policy development for CF care in India.
Abstract

Keywords:
Pseudomonas aeruginosaStaphylococcus aureusairwaychronic infectioninduced sputum

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