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Related Concept Videos

Regulation of Nuclear Protein Sorting01:45

Regulation of Nuclear Protein Sorting

Nuclear protein sorting regulates nucleus composition and gene expression, crucial for determining the fate of a eukaryotic cell. Hence, the entry and exit of molecules across the nuclear envelope is a tightly controlled process. Nuclear protein sorting can be inhibited by one of the following ways: 1) masking cargo signal sequences, 2) modifying the nuclear receptor's affinity for cargo, 3) controlling the nuclear pore size, 4) retaining the cargo during its transit to the cytosol or the...
Regulation of Metabolism01:19

Regulation of Metabolism

Cellular needs and conditions vary from cell to cell and change within individual cells over time. For example, the required enzymes and energetic demands of stomach cells are different from those of fat storage cells, skin cells, blood cells, and nerve cells. Furthermore, a digestive cell works much harder to process and break down nutrients during the time that closely follows a meal compared with many hours after a meal. As these cellular demands and conditions vary, so do the amounts and...
pH Regulation in Cells01:28

pH Regulation in Cells

pH plays a critical role in maintaining normal cellular activities. It helps maintain the structure and function of various proteins, dictates the charge on cellular membranes, and is crucial for metabolic reactions inside the cell. Moreover, cells use the energy from the proton motive force to generate ATP.
Cytosolic pH
Under physiological conditions, the cytosolic pH is slightly more acidic than the extracellular pH. However, cells must prevent further acidification of their cytosol to...
GTPases and their Regulation02:14

GTPases and their Regulation

Guanine nucleotide-binding proteins (G-proteins), also known as GTPases, are a superfamily of proteins that regulate many cellular processes, such as cell signaling, vesicular transport, and the regulation of cell shape and motility. Mutation or dysfunction of these proteins can lead to disease. There are around 40,000 known G-proteins that can broadly be classified into two groups ‒  small G-proteins consisting of a single domain and large multi-domain G-proteins.
Large G-proteins, also known...
GTPases and their Regulation02:14

GTPases and their Regulation

Guanine nucleotide-binding proteins (G-proteins), also known as GTPases, are a superfamily of proteins that regulate many cellular processes, such as cell signaling, vesicular transport, and the regulation of cell shape and motility. Mutation or dysfunction of these proteins can lead to disease. There are around 40,000 known G-proteins that can broadly be classified into two groups ‒  small G-proteins consisting of a single domain and large multi-domain G-proteins.
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Regulated Protein Degradation02:58

Regulated Protein Degradation

It is vital to regulate the activity of enzymatic as well as non-enzymatic proteins inside the cell. This can be achieved either through creating a balance between their rate of synthesis and degradation or regulating the intrinsic activity of the protein. Both these regulation mechanisms play an essential role in the normal functioning of cells.
Protein degradation plays two important roles in the cells. It helps to protect cells from misfolded or damaged proteins before they lead to a...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 24, 2026

Detecting Protein Subcellular Localization by Green Fluorescence Protein Tagging and 4',6-Diamidino-2-phenylindole Staining in Caenorhabditis elegans
09:36

Detecting Protein Subcellular Localization by Green Fluorescence Protein Tagging and 4',6-Diamidino-2-phenylindole Staining in Caenorhabditis elegans

Published on: July 30, 2018

Nox5 and the regulation of cellular function.

David J R Fulton1

  • 1Department of Pharmacology and the Vascular Biology Center, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta, Georgia 30912, USA. dfulton@mcg.edu

Antioxidants & Redox Signaling
|April 1, 2009
PubMed
Summary

This review details recent advances in understanding Nox5 (NADPH oxidase 5), focusing on its genetic regulation, molecular activity, and role in human health and disease. Discover the latest findings on this understudied enzyme.

Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Molecular Biology
  • Physiology

Background:

  • The NADPH oxidase (Nox) enzyme family includes seven members: Noxes 1-5 and Duoxes 1-2.
  • Nox5, the last identified conventional Nox enzyme, remains less understood compared to other isoforms regarding its regulation and function.
  • The absence of Nox5 in rodent genomes has historically limited research, but recent discoveries are improving knowledge.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent advancements in the genetic regulation of Nox5.
  • To outline molecular mechanisms controlling Nox5 activity.
  • To elucidate the functional significance of Nox5 in human physiology and pathophysiology.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of recent scientific discoveries.
  • Analysis of genetic regulation and molecular mechanisms.

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Last Updated: Jun 24, 2026

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  • Synthesis of data on Nox5's role in physiological and pathophysiological processes.

    • Main Results:

    • Nox5 exhibits unique characteristics compared to other Nox isoforms, including alternative splicing, distinct transcriptional regulation, and varied intracellular trafficking.
    • Recent research has begun to bridge the knowledge gap concerning Nox5's molecular control and functional importance.
    • Key differences in enzymatic control mechanisms and tissue distribution are highlighted.

    Conclusions:

    • Significant progress has been made in understanding Nox5's genetic regulation and molecular activity.
    • Further research is crucial to fully elucidate Nox5's complex role in human health and disease.
    • Nox5 represents a promising area for future investigation in redox biology and related pathologies.