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Inflectional marking in Hungarian aphasics.

B MacWhinney¹, J Osmán-Sági

¹Department of Psychology, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA 15213.

Brain and Language

|August 1, 1991

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Aphasic speakers of Hungarian omit case markings more often than typical speakers, with distinct patterns for Broca's and Wernicke's aphasia. Despite grammatical damage, their language abilities remain largely functional.

Area of Science:

Linguistics
Neurolinguistics
Psycholinguistics

Background:

Agglutinative languages like Hungarian feature rich inflectional systems.
Aphasia can significantly impact the processing of complex grammatical structures.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate how individuals with Broca's and Wernicke's aphasia utilize inflectional markings in Hungarian.
To analyze the omission and substitution patterns of nominal arguments in aphasic Hungarian speakers.

Main Methods:

Utilized the picture description task (MacWhinney & Bates, 1978).
Analyzed subject, direct object, indirect object, and locative nominal arguments.
Compared aphasic speakers (9 Broca's, 5 Wernicke's) to normal speakers.

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Main Results:

Both aphasic groups exhibited higher omission rates for all argument types compared to controls.
Broca's aphasia showed a tendency to omit indirect objects, while Wernicke's aphasia tended to omit direct objects.
Wernicke's aphasia used pronouns more frequently, and Broca's aphasia omitted articles more often.

Conclusions:

Hungarian aphasics demonstrate elevated omission of case markings compared to Turkish aphasics.
Errors were primarily omissions and semantic substitutions, with no errors in vowel harmony or morpheme order.
The findings suggest damaged but largely functional grammatical abilities, challenging strict agrammatism/paragrammatism distinctions.