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Updated: Jun 24, 2026
10:50
Visualizing Impairment of the Endothelial and Glial Barriers of the Neurovascular Unit during Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis In Vivo
Published on: March 26, 2019
[Central nervous system vasculitis]
Aki Hietaharju1, Tom Pettersson, Dan C E Nordström
1TAYS, neuroalat ja kuntoutus, PL 2000, 33521 Tampere.
Duodecim; Laaketieteellinen Aikakauskirja
|April 4, 2009
Summary
Central nervous system vasculitides are rare neurological diseases. Diagnosis involves imaging and cerebrospinal fluid analysis, with brain biopsy for confirmation, and treatment with corticosteroids and immunosuppressants.
Area of Science:
- Neurology
- Immunology
- Radiology
Background:
- Central nervous system vasculitides (CNSVs) are uncommon yet critical conditions.
- These diseases present with diverse neurological symptoms, mimicking other neurological disorders.
- Accurate diagnosis is often challenging due to the varied presentation.
Purpose of the Study:
- To summarize the diagnostic challenges and therapeutic approaches for CNSVs.
- To highlight key diagnostic investigations and differential diagnoses.
- To outline standard treatment strategies for cerebral vasculitis.
Main Methods:
- Review of clinical presentation and diagnostic modalities for CNSVs.
- Discussion of neuroimaging techniques like angiography and MRI.
- Emphasis on cerebrospinal fluid examination and brain biopsy.
Main Results:
- CNSVs manifest with a wide range of neurological deficits, including headache, cognitive impairment, and seizures.
- Diagnostic confirmation often requires a combination of imaging (angiography, MRI), CSF analysis, and sometimes brain biopsy.
- Cerebrovascular vasoconstriction syndromes are important in differential diagnosis.
Conclusions:
- Early and accurate diagnosis of CNSVs is crucial for effective management.
- A multidisciplinary approach involving neurology, radiology, and pathology is essential.
- Standard treatment involves corticosteroids, often with immunosuppressive agents.
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