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Updated: Jun 24, 2026

The MultiBac Protein Complex Production Platform at the EMBL
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The MultiBac Protein Complex Production Platform at the EMBL

Published on: July 11, 2013

Fabricating genetically engineered high-power lithium-ion batteries using multiple virus genes.

Yun Jung Lee1, Hyunjung Yi, Woo-Jae Kim

  • 1Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.

Science (New York, N.Y.)
|April 4, 2009
PubMed
Summary

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Researchers engineered viruses to create advanced battery electrode materials. This novel biological scaffold enables high-performance amorphous iron phosphate for lithium-ion batteries, improving energy delivery and retention.

Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Nanotechnology
  • Biotechnology

Background:

  • High-power applications require materials delivering more energy at high rates.
  • Nanostructured electrodes enhance ion and electron transfer in lithium-ion (Li+) batteries.
  • Low electronic conductivity limits the use of some materials in battery electrodes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a novel biological scaffold for fabricating high-performance battery electrode materials.
  • To engineer viruses for creating nanostructured amorphous iron phosphate (a-FePO4) electrodes.
  • To improve the power performance and cycling stability of Li+ batteries using bio-templated materials.

Main Methods:

  • Genetically manipulating viruses to display peptides with affinity for single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs).

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  • Fusing peptides capable of nucleating amorphous iron phosphate (a-FePO4) to viral coat proteins.
  • Utilizing a bio-templated approach for low-temperature electrode fabrication.

    • Main Results:

    • Engineered virus clones demonstrated high affinity for SWNTs.
    • The resulting a-FePO4 electrodes exhibited power performance comparable to crystalline lithium iron phosphate (c-LiFePO4).
    • Excellent capacity retention upon cycling at 1C was achieved.

    Conclusions:

    • Environmentally benign, low-temperature biological scaffolds can facilitate electrode fabrication.
    • This method enables the use of materials with previously limiting low electronic conductivity.
    • The viral scaffold approach offers a promising route for advanced lithium-ion battery materials.