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Related Concept Videos

Combination Therapies and Personalized Medicine02:50

Combination Therapies and Personalized Medicine

Combining two or more treatment methods increases the life span of cancer patients while reducing damage to vital organs or tissue from the overuse of a single treatment. Combination therapy also targets different cancer-inducing pathways, thus reducing the chances of developing resistance to treatment.
The combination of the drug acetazolamide and sulforaphane is a good example of combination therapy to treat cancer. The cells in the interior of a large tumor often die due to the hypoxic and...
Combination Therapies and Personalized Medicine02:50

Combination Therapies and Personalized Medicine

Combining two or more treatment methods increases the life span of cancer patients while reducing damage to vital organs or tissue from the overuse of a single treatment. Combination therapy also targets different cancer-inducing pathways, thus reducing the chances of developing resistance to treatment.
The combination of the drug acetazolamide and sulforaphane is a good example of combination therapy to treat cancer. The cells in the interior of a large tumor often die due to the hypoxic and...
Tumor Immunotherapy01:27

Tumor Immunotherapy

Immunotherapy is a treatment that boosts or manipulates the immune system to fight diseases, including cancer. For instance, by stimulating an immune response through vaccinations against viruses that cause cancers, like hepatitis B virus and human papillomavirus, these diseases can be prevented. Nonetheless, some cancer cells can avoid the immune system due to their rapid mutation and division. The immune response to many cancers involves three phases: elimination, equilibrium, and escape.
Combined Effects of Drugs: Synergism01:27

Combined Effects of Drugs: Synergism

Synergism is a useful mechanism where combining two or more drugs is more effective than each constituent used alone. Such combinations are also called supra-additive interactions. The drugs collectively enhance the final therapeutic effect by acting on different targets. Another advantage is that the low dose of each constituent drug is sufficient to achieve the desired effect. This helps reduce the duration of therapy and lower the adverse effects of these drugs.
Such synergistic combinations...
Cancer Therapies02:49

Cancer Therapies

Cancer therapies are various modes of treatment, such as surgery, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy that are administered to cancer patients.
However, cancer treatments can pose several challenges, as therapies used to kill cancer cells are generally also toxic to normal cells. Moreover, cancer cells mutate rapidly and can develop resistance to chemical agents or radiation therapy. Besides, all types of cancer cells may not respond to the same therapy. Some cancer cells respond to one...
Cancer Therapies02:49

Cancer Therapies

Cancer therapies are various modes of treatment, such as surgery, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy that are administered to cancer patients.
However, cancer treatments can pose several challenges, as therapies used to kill cancer cells are generally also toxic to normal cells. Moreover, cancer cells mutate rapidly and can develop resistance to chemical agents or radiation therapy. Besides, all types of cancer cells may not respond to the same therapy. Some cancer cells respond to one...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 24, 2026

Operational and Intervention Effects of Targeted Tuina in Lumbar Intervertebral Disc Degeneration Model Rabbits
06:03

Operational and Intervention Effects of Targeted Tuina in Lumbar Intervertebral Disc Degeneration Model Rabbits

Published on: July 21, 2023

Integrative medicine: complementary therapies and supplements.

Barrie R Cassileth1, Jyothirmai Gubili, K Simon Yeung

  • 1Integrative Medicine Service, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10021, USA.

Nature Reviews. Urology
|April 9, 2009
PubMed
Summary

Complementary therapies like acupuncture and yoga can safely manage cancer treatment symptoms. Avoid unproven alternative therapies and potentially harmful supplements for better patient outcomes.

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 24, 2026

Operational and Intervention Effects of Targeted Tuina in Lumbar Intervertebral Disc Degeneration Model Rabbits
06:03

Operational and Intervention Effects of Targeted Tuina in Lumbar Intervertebral Disc Degeneration Model Rabbits

Published on: July 21, 2023

Area of Science:

  • Integrative oncology
  • Urologic cancer care
  • Evidence-based complementary medicine

Background:

  • Patients with cancer and urologic disorders often seek complementary therapies.
  • Complementary modalities are used to manage symptoms and support treatment.
  • Distinguishing complementary from unproven alternative therapies is crucial.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the role and evidence for complementary therapies in urologic oncology.
  • To differentiate safe, evidence-based complementary approaches from potentially harmful alternative ones.
  • To highlight the benefits of specific complementary modalities for symptom management.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of complementary therapies in cancer and urologic disorders.
  • Analysis of evidence supporting physical and emotional symptom management.
  • Comparison of complementary therapies with alternative treatments.

Main Results:

  • Evidence supports acupuncture, yoga, meditation, and physical activity for managing cancer treatment side effects.
  • These therapies offer safe, beneficial adjuncts to mainstream medical care.
  • Herbs and dietary supplements lack evidence of benefit and may pose risks.

Conclusions:

  • Evidence-based complementary therapies are valuable for managing physical and emotional symptoms in urologic cancer patients.
  • Complementary therapies should be integrated as safe adjuncts, not replacements, for standard care.
  • Caution is advised regarding unproven alternative therapies and supplements due to potential harm.