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Related Concept Videos

Pharmacokinetics: Drug–Drug Interactions01:25

Pharmacokinetics: Drug–Drug Interactions

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Drug interactions occur when the pharmacological effect of one drug is altered by another substance, either enhancing or diminishing its activity. The drug whose activity is altered is known as the object drug, and the substance causing the alteration is called the agent drug or the precipitant. The net effects of these interactions are mostly undesirable, leading to decreased effectiveness or increased adverse effects. In rare cases, interactions can be beneficial, such as the enhanced...
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Drug-Receptor Interactions01:29

Drug-Receptor Interactions

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Drug-receptor interaction describes the binding of receptors by drugs, but not all drug-receptor interactions result in activation and tissue response. For instance, the binding of agonists activates the receptor to generate a cellular reaction, while antagonists bind to receptors without causing their activation.
Several parameters, such as the drug's affinity for its receptor and its efficacy, which is its ability to activate the receptor, determine the drug's effect on the tissue....
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Pharmacokinetics: Drug–Food and Drug–Viral Interactions01:26

Pharmacokinetics: Drug–Food and Drug–Viral Interactions

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A drug interaction occurs when the concurrent use of another drug, food, or an external substance alters the pharmacological activity of a drug. This interaction can modify the action of the original drug, affecting its effectiveness and safety.Drug–food interactions are significant as they impact drug absorption, metabolism, and excretion. For example, grapefruit juice is a well-known disruptor of drug metabolism. It inhibits the cytochrome P450 3A4 enzyme, crucial for the metabolism of...
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Factors Affecting Protein-Drug Binding: Drug Interactions01:23

Factors Affecting Protein-Drug Binding: Drug Interactions

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Drug interactions are a critical aspect of pharmacology and can occur when two or more drugs compete for the same binding site. This competition can result in one drug displacing another, altering the effect of the displaced drug. Drug interactions are complex processes that rely heavily on how much of the displacer drug is present and how strongly it can bind to the same sites as the displaced drug.
Displacement interactions can have varying outcomes, ranging from toxicity to virtually...
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Drug-Receptor Interaction: Antagonist01:28

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An antagonist is a drug that binds strongly to a receptor without activating it. An antagonist prevents other molecules, such as neurotransmitters or hormones, from binding to the receptor and triggering a cellular response. Such interaction effectively hinders the normal physiological processes mediated by the receptor, resulting in various pharmacological effects depending on the specific receptor targeted.
Antagonists can be classified as competitive or noncompetitive based on their...
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Drug-Receptor Interaction: Agonist01:25

Drug-Receptor Interaction: Agonist

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Agonists are drugs that interact with specific receptors in the body to produce a biological response. When an agonist binds to a receptor, it activates or enhances the receptor's function, leading to physiological effects. The interaction between agonist drugs and receptors is crucial for their therapeutic action in various medical treatments.
Agonists can bind to receptors in different ways. Some agonists bind directly to the receptor's active site, mimicking the endogenous...
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Exploring the Two Herb Combination Strategy to Treat Injured PC12 Cells
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Herb-Drug Interactions in Cancer Care.

K Simon Yeung, Jyothirmai Gubili, Jun J Mao

    Oncology (Williston Park, N.Y.)
    |October 19, 2018
    PubMed
    Summary

    Cancer patients often use herbal supplements alongside conventional treatments. These herbs can interact with medications, potentially causing harm. Educating patients and physicians on these herb-drug interactions is crucial for safe use.

    Area of Science:

    • Integrative oncology
    • Pharmacology
    • Herbal medicine

    Background:

    • Herbal supplements have a long history as medicine.
    • The Dietary Supplement Health and Education Act (DSHEA) led to inconsistent regulations and widespread use of herbal products.
    • Cancer patients frequently use herbal supplements concurrently with standard cancer treatments.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To explore the reasons behind herbal supplement use in cancer patients.
    • To elucidate the mechanisms of herb-drug interactions (pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics).
    • To highlight interactions between commonly used herbs/mushrooms and standard cancer drugs.

    Main Methods:

    • Review of existing literature on herbal supplement use in cancer patients.
    • Description of pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic interaction mechanisms.

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  • Case examples of interactions involving turmeric, green tea, ginger, ashwagandha, and reishi mushroom.

    • Main Results:

    • Cancer patients use herbal supplements for perceived benefits like improved health, reduced recurrence risk, and managing treatment side effects.
    • Herbs contain active compounds that can alter the efficacy or toxicity of prescription medications, including chemotherapy.
    • Specific examples illustrate potential harmful interactions between popular herbs and conventional drugs.

    Conclusions:

    • Herbal supplements can significantly interact with prescription medications used in cancer care.
    • There is a critical need for increased awareness and education among patients and healthcare providers regarding these herb-drug interactions.
    • Informed guidance on the appropriate use of herbal supplements is essential to mitigate risks for cancer patients.