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Related Concept Videos

Working Memory01:24

Working Memory

Working memory refers to a combination of components, including short-term memory and attention, that allow an individual to hold information temporarily as we perform cognitive tasks. It is an essential cognitive function that enables the execution of complex tasks such as problem-solving, comprehension, and reasoning. Unlike short-term memory, which simply involves the storage of information for a brief period, working memory involves the active manipulation and processing of this information.
Language Development01:22

Language Development

Children master language quickly and with relative ease, supported by both biological predisposition and reinforcement. B. F. Skinner (1957) proposed that language is learned through reinforcement, while Noam Chomsky (1965) argued that language acquisition mechanisms are biologically determined.
The critical period for language acquisition suggests that the ability to acquire language is at its peak early in life. As people age, this proficiency decreases. Language development begins very...
Language and Cognition01:27

Language and Cognition

Language serves as a bridge between ideas and communication, influencing how individuals perceive and interact with the world. Psychologists have long debated whether language shapes thought or vice versa. This discussion gained grip with Edward Sapir and Benjamin Lee Whorf in the 1940s, who proposed that language determines thought, a concept known as linguistic determinism. They suggested that the vocabulary and structure of a language influence how its speakers think and perceive reality.
Higher Mental Functions of the Brain: Language01:10

Higher Mental Functions of the Brain: Language

Language is a system of communication that allows the expression of thoughts, ideas, and feelings. The brain processes language in both hemispheres.
Language formation and comprehension take place in the dominant hemisphere. The dominant hemisphere is responsible for understanding the meaning of spoken, written, or sign language, as well as the ability to communicate. For most people, the left hemisphere is the dominant one. The right hemisphere, then, gives tone and emotional context to the...
Information Processing Approach01:30

Information Processing Approach

The information-processing theory of cognitive development centers on fundamental mental processes, including attention, memory, and problem-solving skills. Researchers in this field examine how cognitive abilities, such as working memory, evolve and influence children's overall development. Studies indicate that children with stronger working memory tend to excel in reading comprehension, math, and problem-solving compared to peers with less efficient memory skills. Low working memory is also...
Role of Cerebellum and Prefrontal Cortex in Memory01:14

Role of Cerebellum and Prefrontal Cortex in Memory

The cerebellum, while traditionally associated with motor control, also plays a crucial role in memory, particularly in procedural memory, which involves learning motor tasks that become automatic through repetition. For example, studies have shown that when the cerebellum is damaged, individuals or animals lose the ability to learn conditioned motor responses, such as the conditioned eye-blink response in classical conditioning experiments with rabbits. This study demonstrates the cerebellum's...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 24, 2026

Assessing Working Memory in Children: The Comprehensive Assessment Battery for Children – Working Memory (CABC-WM)
09:05

Assessing Working Memory in Children: The Comprehensive Assessment Battery for Children – Working Memory (CABC-WM)

Published on: June 12, 2017

Phonological working memory and its relationship with language development in children.

Amalia Rodrigues1, Debora Maria Befi-Lopes

  • 1Departamento de Fisioterapia, FMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo. amalia@usp.br

Pro-Fono : Revista De Atualizacao Cientifica
|April 11, 2009
PubMed
Summary

Phonological working memory is crucial for typical language development in children. Research shows a strong link between phonological working memory, phonological knowledge, and lexical knowledge in normally developing children.

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Last Updated: Jun 24, 2026

Assessing Working Memory in Children: The Comprehensive Assessment Battery for Children – Working Memory (CABC-WM)
09:05

Assessing Working Memory in Children: The Comprehensive Assessment Battery for Children – Working Memory (CABC-WM)

Published on: June 12, 2017

Infant Auditory Processing and Event-related Brain Oscillations
06:34

Infant Auditory Processing and Event-related Brain Oscillations

Published on: July 1, 2015

Area of Science:

  • Child Development
  • Linguistics
  • Cognitive Psychology

Background:

  • Phonological working memory (PWM) plays a vital role in children's typical language development.
  • Understanding PWM is essential for identifying potential language learning challenges.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To systematically review research on PWM assessment in typically developing children since the 1980s.
  • To explore the relationship between PWM and normal language development.

Main Methods:

  • A systematic literature review was conducted using databases like PubMed, Scielo, and Medline.
  • Included materials encompassed various scholarly sources, analyzing assessment tools and results.
  • The review considered studies in English and Brazilian Portuguese, examining age and extension effects on PWM.

Main Results:

  • Studies consistently indicate a positive correlation between PWM and language development skills.
  • Age and the complexity of phonological tasks influence PWM performance in children.
  • Cross-linguistic comparisons highlight similarities in PWM development across different language backgrounds.

Conclusions:

  • Phonological working memory is significantly related to phonological and lexical knowledge in children with typical language development.
  • Effective assessment of PWM is key to understanding language acquisition trajectories.
  • Further research can refine PWM assessment tools and interventions.