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Related Concept Videos

Multiple Sclerosis l: Introduction01:19

Multiple Sclerosis l: Introduction

Multiple sclerosis is a chronic autoimmune disease of the central nervous system (CNS) that affects the brain, spinal cord, and optic nerves. It is an inflammatory demyelinating disorder and a leading cause of neurological disability in young adults.EpidemiologyMS commonly begins between 20 and 40 years of age and is twice as common in women. Its exact cause remains unclear, but genetic susceptibility contributes, with higher risk in first-degree relatives and identical twins. A greater...
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Encephalitis is inflammation of the brain parenchyma caused by direct viral invasion or immune-mediated mechanisms triggered by infections or tumors. Both processes lead to neuronal injury, disrupted neurotransmission, and diverse neurological symptoms, often with overlapping clinical and pathological features.Autoimmune EncephalitisIn autoimmune encephalitis, antibodies target neuronal antigens on cell surfaces, synapses, or within neurons. A key example is anti-NMDAR encephalitis, which can...
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Arboviral encephalitis refers to brain inflammation caused by arthropod-borne viruses, particularly those transmitted through mosquito vectors. Among these, West Nile virus (WNV), a member of the Flaviviridae family, is a significant public health concern. WNV is an enveloped, positive-sense, single-stranded RNA virus. Human infection typically begins when an infected mosquito introduces the virus into the dermis during feeding. The primary transmission cycle involves birds as amplifying hosts...
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Isolation and Quantification of Epstein-Barr Virus from the P3HR1 Cell Line
09:14

Isolation and Quantification of Epstein-Barr Virus from the P3HR1 Cell Line

Published on: September 28, 2022

Epstein-Barr virus and multiple sclerosis.

Daniela Pohl1

  • 1Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Canada. dpohl@cheo.on.ca

Journal of the Neurological Sciences
|April 14, 2009
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection is linked to an increased risk of developing multiple sclerosis (MS). This review examines the evidence for EBV

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Separation of Immune Cell Subpopulations in Peripheral Blood Samples from Children with Infectious Mononucleosis
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Separation of Immune Cell Subpopulations in Peripheral Blood Samples from Children with Infectious Mononucleosis

Published on: September 7, 2022

Area of Science:

  • Virology
  • Neuroimmunology
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), a common human herpesvirus, is linked to infectious mononucleosis and certain cancers.
  • Emerging evidence suggests a potential role for EBV in autoimmune diseases, including multiple sclerosis (MS).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review and critically discuss the current scientific understanding of the association between EBV and MS.
  • To explore the potential role of EBV in the pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies investigating EBV seroprevalence, antibody titers, T-cell responses, and viral presence in MS patients.
  • Critical analysis of existing data, including equivocal findings regarding EBV's causative role.

Main Results:

  • Higher EBV seroprevalence and increased antibody titers are observed in MS patients compared to controls.
  • Elevated EBV-specific T-cells and presence of EBV in CNS B-cells of MS patients have been reported.
  • Infectious mononucleosis history is associated with an increased risk of developing MS later in life.

Conclusions:

  • A significant association exists between EBV and multiple sclerosis, with higher prevalence and specific immune responses in MS patients.
  • The precise role of EBV in MS pathogenesis remains debated, with ongoing controversy regarding its causative versus bystander status.