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Related Concept Videos

Riboswitches01:56

Riboswitches

Riboswitches are non-coding mRNA domains that regulate the transcription and translation of downstream genes without the help of proteins. Riboswitches bind directly to a metabolite and can form unique stem-loop or hairpin structures in response to the amount of the metabolite present. They have two distinct regions – a metabolite-binding aptamer and an expression platform.
The aptamer has high specificity for a particular metabolite which allows riboswitches to specifically regulate...
Regulation of Expression at Multiple Steps01:23

Regulation of Expression at Multiple Steps

The gene expression in cells is regulated at different stages: (i) transcription, (ii) RNA processing, (iii) RNA localization, and (iv) translation. Transcriptional regulation is mediated by regulatory proteins such as transcription factors, activators, or repressors—these control gene expression by initiating or inhibiting the transcription of genes. Once a precursor or pre-mRNA is produced, it undergoes post-transcriptional modification, including 5' capping, splicing, and the addition of a...
Cooperative Binding of Transcription Regulators02:13

Cooperative Binding of Transcription Regulators

Transcriptional regulators bind to specific cis-regulatory sequences in the DNA to regulate gene transcription. These cis-regulatory sequences are very short, usually less than ten nucleotide pairs in length. The short length means that there is a high probability of the exact same sequence randomly occurring throughout the genome.  Since regulators can also bind to groups of similar sequences, this further increases the chances of random binding. Transcriptional regulators form dimers that...
Translational Regulation01:29

Translational Regulation

Translational regulation in prokaryotes ensures efficient protein synthesis by controlling ribosome access to mRNA. This regulation is mediated by secondary RNA structures, including translational riboswitches, RNA thermometers, and small RNAs (sRNAs), which respond to intracellular and environmental signals to modulate gene expression.Translational RiboswitchesRiboswitches in the leader region of mRNAs can regulate translation by altering the accessibility of the Shine-Dalgarno (SD) sequence,...
Regulation of Expression Occurs at Multiple Steps02:24

Regulation of Expression Occurs at Multiple Steps

Gene expression can be regulated at almost every step from gene to protein. Transcription is the step that is most commonly regulated. This involves the binding of proteins to short regulatory sequences on the DNA. This association can either promote or inhibit the transcription of a gene associated with the respective sequence.
Transcription results in the generation of precursor (pre-mRNA) that consists of both exons and introns, which needs further processing before being translated to a...
What is Gene Expression?01:42

What is Gene Expression?

Overview
Gene expression is the process in which DNA directs the synthesis of functional products, that is, proteins. Cells can regulate gene expression at various stages. It allows organisms to generate different cell types and enables cells to adapt to internal and external factors.
Genetic Information Flows from DNA to RNA to Protein
A gene is a stretch of DNA that serves as the blueprint for functional RNAs and proteins. Since DNA is made up of nucleotides and proteins consist of amino...

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Exploring Sequence Space to Identify Binding Sites for Regulatory RNA-Binding Proteins
11:34

Exploring Sequence Space to Identify Binding Sites for Regulatory RNA-Binding Proteins

Published on: August 9, 2019

Aptamers as artificial gene regulation elements.

Beatrix Suess1, Julia E Weigand

  • 1Institut für Molekulare Biowissenschaften, Johann-Wolfgang-Goethe-Universität Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany.

Methods in Molecular Biology (Clifton, N.J.)
|April 21, 2009
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study introduces a yeast-based screening system to rapidly identify aptamers that regulate gene expression. This tool aids in developing conditional gene expression and gene therapy applications.

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Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Synthetic Biology
  • Biotechnology

Background:

  • Conditional gene expression systems are crucial for understanding gene function and developing gene therapies.
  • Small molecule-binding aptamers can regulate gene expression by inhibiting translation initiation when bound to a ligand.
  • Identifying aptamers with regulatory potential requires efficient screening systems.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a simple and powerful yeast-based screening system.
  • To rapidly identify small molecule-binding aptamers with regulatory potential.
  • To enable the creation of artificial riboswitches for conditional gene expression.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a yeast-based screening platform.
  • Integrated aptamer selection with gene expression control.
  • Focused on aptamers binding small molecules to modulate translation initiation.

Main Results:

  • Successfully developed a functional screening system.
  • Demonstrated the rapid identification of regulatory aptamers.
  • Showcased aptamers with potential as artificial riboswitches.

Conclusions:

  • The yeast-based system offers an efficient method for aptamer discovery.
  • This approach facilitates the development of novel conditional gene expression tools.
  • The identified aptamers can be applied in gene therapy and synthetic biology.