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Twinning on the brain: the effect on neurodevelopmental outcomes
1University of Montreal, Faculty of Medicine, Montreal, Qc, Canada. thuy.mai.luu@umontreal.ca
Twinning may lead to neurodevelopmental disadvantages, even in healthy newborns. This review examines twins' neuromotor outcomes and environmental risks, offering insights for targeted support.
Area of Science:
- Perinatology
- Neurodevelopmental Pediatrics
- Genetics
Background:
- Twinning is a complex trait influenced by genetic and environmental factors.
- Twins constitute a significant portion of preterm and low-birth-weight infants, facing risks for disabilities.
- Emerging evidence suggests twinning itself may pose a neurodevelopmental risk, even for term infants.
Purpose of the Study:
- To compare the neuromotor outcomes of twins versus singletons.
- To identify specific environmental risk factors associated with poorer outcomes in twins.
- To explore potential neurodevelopmental modulators in twin gestations.
Main Methods:
- Literature review focusing on neuromotor outcomes in twins.
- Analysis of environmental factors impacting twin development.
- Exploration of specific risk factors like co-twin death, chorionicity, and twin-twin transfusion.
Main Results:
- Twins may experience neurodevelopmental disadvantages compared to singletons.
- Environmental factors significantly influence neurodevelopmental outcomes in twins.
- Factors such as birth weight discordance and twin-twin transfusion are associated with poorer outcomes.
Conclusions:
- Twinning can present unique neurodevelopmental challenges.
- Identifying environmental influences is crucial for providing targeted counseling and support.
- Early intervention for high-risk twins can mitigate potential long-term disabilities.
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