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Structural cell-derived cytokines in allergic inflammation.

J A Denburg1, J Gauldie, J Dolovich

  • 1McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada.

International Archives of Allergy and Applied Immunology
|January 1, 1991
PubMed
Summary

Microenvironmental factors influence allergic inflammation by affecting immune cell development. Structural cells release cytokines that drive inflammatory cell differentiation, indicating allergic response severity.

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Cell Biology
  • Allergy Research

Background:

  • Allergic inflammation is influenced by microenvironmental factors affecting hematopoietic cell differentiation.
  • Inflammatory cell burden serves as a key indicator of allergic inflammation severity and patterns.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the impact of epithelial and fibroblast-derived cytokines on granulocytic and monocytic cell differentiation and activation in allergic airway models.
  • To explore the role of structural cells in modulating inflammatory responses during allergy.

Main Methods:

  • Cultured nasal and bronchial epithelial cells and fibroblasts were used to assess cytokine production.
  • Gene expression, production, and secretion of key cytokines (GM-CSF, IL-6, IL-8) were analyzed in vitro and in vivo.

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  • Effects of IL-1, substance P, corticosteroids, antiallergic compounds, and heavy metal ions on cytokine production were evaluated.

    • Main Results:

    • Epithelial cells and fibroblasts produce cytokines that induce differentiation of basophils, eosinophils, neutrophils, and monocyte/macrophages.
    • Interleukin-1 (IL-1) and substance P up-regulate cytokine gene expression and production.
    • Corticosteroids inhibit structural cell cytokine production, and extracellular matrices influence mast cell and macrophage differentiation.

    Conclusions:

    • Structural cell-derived cytokines play a critical role in driving inflammatory cell differentiation and activation in allergic responses.
    • Cytokine modulation by factors like IL-1, substance P, and corticosteroids impacts allergic inflammation.
    • Extracellular matrices contribute to the perpetuation of chronic allergic inflammation through effects on immune cell differentiation and function.