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Cryptococcal Meningitis

Cryptococcal meningitis is a life-threatening opportunistic infection predominantly associated with HIV/AIDS, accounting for over 100,000 deaths annually worldwide. However, it also affects individuals with other forms of immunosuppression, including those undergoing immunosuppressive therapy, organ transplant recipients, patients with innate immunodeficiencies, and individuals with hematological disorders. The infection is caused mainly by Cryptococcus neoformans and Cryptococcus gattii,...
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Cranial and Spinal Meninges

The cranial and spinal meninges are complex protective structures surrounding the central nervous system (CNS), consisting of the brain and spinal cord. These meninges consist of the dura mater, the arachnoid mater, and the pia mater. They protect the CNS, provide structural support, and aid in circulating cerebrospinal fluid (CSF).
Cranial Meninges
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Viral Meningitis

Viral meningitis is the most common form of meningitis and is often referred to as aseptic meningitis to indicate the absence of bacterial involvement. It is generally milder than bacterial meningitis, with symptoms including fever, headache, stiff neck, drowsiness, nausea, photophobia, and vomiting. Rarely, more severe manifestations or death may occur. Common causative agents include enteroviruses, particularly coxsackie A and B viruses and echoviruses, all members of the Enterovirus genus...
Brain Abscess l: Introduction01:26

Brain Abscess l: Introduction

A brain abscess is a focal, intracerebral infection characterized by a localized collection of pus within the brain parenchyma, resulting from microbial invasion and the body’s inflammatory response. It progresses through stages: early and late cerebritis, followed by early and late capsule formation, reflecting tissue destruction, immune response, and eventual encapsulation.Etiology and PathogenesisCausative organisms vary with source and host factors, often involving polymicrobial infections,...
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Bacterial Meningitis

Bacterial meningitis is a severe infectious disease involving inflammation of the meninges, the protective membranes surrounding the brain and spinal cord. It occurs when pathogenic bacteria cross the blood–brain barrier and enter the cerebrospinal fluid. Common causative organisms include Neisseria meningitidis, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae type b, Listeria monocytogenes, and Escherichia coli K1. The exact route of entry varies by pathogen and host condition.Routes of Entry...
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Role of Diffusion MRI Tractography in Endoscopic Endonasal Skull Base Surgery
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[Cystic meningioma].

T Papacocea1, T Roşca, A Bădărău

  • 1Clinica de Neurochirurgie, Spitalul Clinic de Urgenţă Sf. Pantelimon, Bucureşti. tpapacocea@hotmail.com

Chirurgia (Bucharest, Romania : 1990)
|April 25, 2009
PubMed
Summary

This case study details a rare cystic meningioma causing vision loss in a 41-year-old. Surgical resection of the tumor and cyst provided a favorable outcome.

Area of Science:

  • Neurosurgery
  • Neuropathology

Background:

  • Cystic meningiomas are uncommon intracranial tumors, comprising 1.7-11.7% of all meningiomas.
  • These tumors can present with significant peritumoral cystic components.

Observation:

  • A 41-year-old patient experienced progressive bilateral vision decline, more severe on the right.
  • Imaging revealed a large (87x58x63 mm) right frontotemporal mass with cystic components, distinct from cerebrospinal fluid.
  • Clinical examination showed severely reduced vision, including light perception difficulties.

Findings:

  • Surgical intervention involved total resection of a polycystic, spongious tumor and aspiration of a large peritumoral cyst.
  • Histopathology confirmed the tumor as a meningothelial meningioma.
  • Postoperative recovery was favorable.

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Implications:

  • This case highlights the importance of considering cystic meningiomas in the differential diagnosis of vision loss.
  • Understanding the etiology of cystic formation is crucial for effective management.
  • Surgical resection and cyst aspiration offer a viable therapeutic strategy for symptomatic cystic meningiomas.