Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 23, 2026

Myocardial Infarction and Functional Outcome Assessment in Pigs
12:03

Myocardial Infarction and Functional Outcome Assessment in Pigs

Published on: April 25, 2014

Renal and cardiac function for long-term (10 year) risk stratification after myocardial infarction

Suetonia C Palmer1, Timothy G Yandle, Christopher M Frampton

  • 1Department of Medicine, University of Otago Christchurch, 2 Riccarton Avenue, Christchurch 8140, New Zealand.

European Heart Journal
|April 25, 2009
PubMed

Insights

Combined renal and cardiac function significantly predicts long-term outcomes after myocardial infarction (MI). Impaired kidney function (eGFR) with elevated NT-proBNP or reduced LVEF indicates higher mortality and heart failure risk.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Nephrology
  • Biomarkers

Background:

  • Acute myocardial infarction (MI) poses significant risks for long-term mortality and heart failure (HF).
  • Assessing combined renal and cardiac function post-MI is crucial for risk stratification.
  • Early identification of high-risk patients can guide therapeutic interventions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the predictive value of combined renal and cardiac function for 10-year mortality and HF after MI.
  • To evaluate the independent and combined prognostic power of estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), NT-proBNP, and LVEF.

Main Methods:

  • Prospective study of 1063 patients with MI within 24-96 hours of symptom onset.
  • Measurements included eGFR, plasma NT-proBNP, and radionuclide ventriculography (LVEF).
  • Mortality and HF events were tracked over a mean follow-up of 9.3 years.

Main Results:

  • eGFR, NT-proBNP, and LVEF independently predicted 10-year mortality.
  • Reduced eGFR with elevated NT-proBNP showed a 60% vs. 14% mortality rate (P < 0.001).
  • Combined eGFR and NT-proBNP predicted HF with rates of 34% vs. 7% (P < 0.001).

Conclusions:

  • Combined assessment of renal function (eGFR) and cardiac biomarkers (NT-proBNP or LVEF) effectively stratifies risk post-MI.
  • Patients with lower eGFR and elevated NT-proBNP or depressed LVEF face a 5-10 fold increased risk of mortality and HF.
  • This combined approach offers valuable insights for managing patients after acute myocardial infarction.

Related Concept Videos

Blood Studies for Cardiovascular System I: Cardiac Biomarkers01:20

Blood Studies for Cardiovascular System I: Cardiac Biomarkers

Cardiac biomarkers are enzymes, proteins, and hormones released into the blood when cardiac cells are injured. They are powerful tools for triaging.
The essential diagnostic tools for detecting myocardial necrosis and monitoring individuals suspected of having acute coronary syndrome (ACS) include:
Troponins
Troponins, particularly cardiac troponins I and T, are the most precise and sensitive markers of myocardial injury. They are detectable within 4-6 hours of myocardial injury and remain...
Cardiac Catheterization I: Pre-Procedure Overview01:28

Cardiac Catheterization I: Pre-Procedure Overview

Cardiac catheterization is an invasive diagnostic technique used to identify and evaluate structural and functional diseases of the heart and major blood vessels. This technique diagnoses congenital heart disease, coronary artery disease, valvular heart disease, and coronary spasms and assesses ventricular function. It helps guide treatment decisions, including the need for revascularization procedures like percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) or coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) and...
Acute Kidney Injury III: Clinical Manifestations01:29

Acute Kidney Injury III: Clinical Manifestations

Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) progresses through distinct clinical phases: the oliguric, diuretic, and recovery phases, each marked by unique manifestations and challenges.Oliguric Phase:The oliguric phase is the initial stage of AKI, typically lasting 10 to 14 days. This phase is marked by a significant reduction in urine output, usually less than 400 mL per day, indicating decreased kidney function. Fluid retention is a prominent feature, leading to symptoms such as edema, hypertension, and...
Imaging Studies for Cardiovascular System VI: Calcium -Scoring CT01:25

Imaging Studies for Cardiovascular System VI: Calcium -Scoring CT

Calcium-Scoring CT ScanA calcium-scoring CT scan, also known as coronary artery calcium (CAC) scan, detects calcium deposits in the coronary arteries. This test assesses the risk of coronary artery disease (CAD), which can lead to cardiovascular events such as angina, heart failure, and sudden cardiac arrest.A calcium-scoring CT scan is generally recommended for individuals at intermediate risk of CAD without symptoms. It includes:Men aged 40-75 and women aged 50-75: Especially those with a...
Heart Failure IV: Classification and Diagnostic Evaluation01:30

Heart Failure IV: Classification and Diagnostic Evaluation

Heart failure can be classified in various ways, with the most common classifications based on physical activity limitations, disease progression, severity, and treatment strategies.The Functional Classification of Heart Failure divides patients into four categories based on physical activity limitation due to symptom burden.Class I: Patients in this class have cardiac disease but no physical activity limitations. Ordinary activities like walking, climbing stairs, or routine tasks do not cause...
Blood Studies for Cardiovascular System II: CRP, Hcy, and Cardiac Natriuretic Peptide Markers01:19

Blood Studies for Cardiovascular System II: CRP, Hcy, and Cardiac Natriuretic Peptide Markers

Cardiac biomarkers are critical in diagnosing, prognosing, and managing cardiovascular diseases. Routine measurement of specific biomarkers such as B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP), C-reactive protein (CRP), and homocysteine (Hcy) is common practice in clinical settings to evaluate heart function and predict cardiovascular events.
These markers indicate stress or strain on the heart muscle:
Natriuretic Peptides (BNP)
Cardiac myocytes produce these hormones in response to ventricular stretching...