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Related Concept Videos

ECG Interpretation of Arrhythmias II: Atrial, Junctional and Ventricular Arrhythmias01:25

ECG Interpretation of Arrhythmias II: Atrial, Junctional and Ventricular Arrhythmias

Arrhythmia is a condition characterized by an irregular heart rhythm, with ECG changes that differ based on its origin and nature. The types of arrhythmias discussed below include atrial, junctional, and ventricular arrhythmias.Atrial ArrhythmiasPremature Atrial Complexes (PACs): PACs are early atrial beats caused by stress, caffeine, alcohol, electrolyte imbalances, hypoxia, hyperthyroidism, or certain medications (e.g., bronchodilators and decongestants). The ECG shows early P waves with an...
Dysrhythmias III: Characteristics of Dysrhythmias01:29

Dysrhythmias III: Characteristics of Dysrhythmias

Dysrhythmias, also known as arrhythmias, are irregular heart rhythms that result from abnormal electrical activity in the heart, affecting its ability to circulate blood efficiently. Tachyarrhythmias, a subset of dysrhythmias, are characterized by abnormally fast heart rates exceeding 100 beats per minute. Here are some types of tachyarrhythmias with their distinct ECG features:Sinus Tachycardia:Sinus tachycardia presents a regular heart rhythm with an increased rate of 101-180 beats per minute.
Disturbances in Heart Rhythm01:29

Disturbances in Heart Rhythm

Arrhythmia or dysrhythmia refers to an abnormal heart rhythm caused by a defect in the heart's conduction system. It can cause the heart to beat irregularly, too quickly, or too slowly, leading to symptoms like chest pain, shortness of breath, and fainting. Factors such as stress, caffeine, alcohol, nicotine, cocaine, certain drugs, congenital defects, diseases, and electrolyte abnormalities can trigger arrhythmias.
Arrhythmias are categorized by their speed, rhythm, and origin. A slow heart...
Heart Failure III: Clinical Manifestations01:26

Heart Failure III: Clinical Manifestations

Heart failure (HF) manifests primarily as dyspnea, fatigue, and fluid retention, resulting in peripheral and pulmonary edema. Symptoms may vary depending on which ventricle is more affected, left or right.Left-Sided Heart FailureAlso known as left ventricular failure, this condition results from the left ventricle's inability to fill or eject sufficient blood into the systemic circulation. It leads to pulmonary congestion, which occurs when the left ventricle fails to eject blood effectively...
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Heart Failure II: Pathophysiology

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Intracardiac thrombus formations despite continuous oral anticoagulation in atrial fibrillation patients undergoing catheter ablation procedures: pilot development of a machine learning prediction model.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 23, 2026

Catheter Ablation in Combination With Left Atrial Appendage Closure for Atrial Fibrillation
28:13

Catheter Ablation in Combination With Left Atrial Appendage Closure for Atrial Fibrillation

Published on: February 26, 2013

Atrial fibrillation in the elderly.

U Wetzel1, G Hindricks, C Piorkowski

  • 1Department of Electrophysiology, Heart Centre, University Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany. ulrike_wetzel@hotmail.com

Minerva Medica
|April 25, 2009
PubMed
Summary

Atrial fibrillation (AF) is a common heart rhythm disorder, increasingly prevalent in older adults. This review covers medical and non-pharmacological strategies for managing AF in the elderly, focusing on preventing clots and controlling symptoms.

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Estimating Bilateral Atrial Function by Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance Feature Tracking in Patients with Paroxysmal Atrial Fibrillation

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Last Updated: Jun 23, 2026

Catheter Ablation in Combination With Left Atrial Appendage Closure for Atrial Fibrillation
28:13

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The WATCHMAN Left Atrial Appendage Closure Device for Atrial Fibrillation
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Estimating Bilateral Atrial Function by Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance Feature Tracking in Patients with Paroxysmal Atrial Fibrillation
08:10

Estimating Bilateral Atrial Function by Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance Feature Tracking in Patients with Paroxysmal Atrial Fibrillation

Published on: July 20, 2022

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Geriatrics
  • Internal Medicine

Background:

  • Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common sustained cardiac arrhythmia.
  • AF prevalence increases significantly with age, posing challenges in geriatric populations.
  • Managing AF in the elderly requires a dual focus on thromboembolism prevention and symptom control.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current medical and non-pharmacological treatment options for atrial fibrillation in elderly patients.
  • To highlight the specific considerations for managing AF in an aging population.
  • To provide a comprehensive overview for healthcare professionals treating elderly patients with AF.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of existing studies and clinical guidelines.
  • Synthesis of evidence on pharmacological interventions for AF in the elderly.
  • Analysis of non-pharmacological approaches relevant to geriatric patients with AF.

Main Results:

  • Elderly patients with AF require tailored treatment strategies.
  • Thromboembolism prevention is a critical component of AF management in this demographic.
  • Rate and rhythm control are essential for symptom relief and quality of life.

Conclusions:

  • Effective management of atrial fibrillation in the elderly necessitates a multifaceted approach.
  • Integrating medical and non-pharmacological treatments optimizes outcomes for older adults with AF.
  • Continued research is needed to refine AF treatment protocols for the growing elderly population.