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Related Concept Videos

Steady, Laminar Flow in Circular Tubes01:23

Steady, Laminar Flow in Circular Tubes

Hagen-Poiseuille flow describes a viscous fluid's steady, incompressible flow through a cylindrical tube with a constant radius R. This flow profile is often applied to understand fluid transport in narrow channels, such as capillaries. It serves as a foundational example of laminar flow. In this model, cylindrical coordinates (r,θ,z) are used to describe the radial (r), angular (θ), and axial (z) dimensions within the tube. For Hagen-Poiseuille flow, the velocity profile is purely axial,...
Viscosity01:27

Viscosity

Viscosity is a property of fluids that measures their resistance to flow. It is influenced by factors such as the surface area of contact, the gradient of flow speed, and the fluid's viscosity constant, called the coefficient of viscosity. The coefficient of viscosity, also known as dynamic viscosity, is denoted by the symbol η. It determines the proportionality between the viscous force and the gradient of flow speed.Newton's law of viscosity states that the viscous force on a faster-moving...
Viscosity01:17

Viscosity

When water is poured into a glass, it falls freely and quickly, whereas if honey or maple syrup is poured over a pancake, it flows slowly and sticks to the surface of the container. This difference in the flow of different kinds of liquids arises due to the fluid friction between the liquid layers and the liquid and the surrounding material. This property of fluids is called fluid viscosity. In this example, water has a lower viscosity than honey and maple syrup.
The SI unit of viscosity is...
Couette Flow01:22

Couette Flow

Couette flow represents the flow of fluid between two parallel plates, with one plate fixed and the other moving with a constant velocity. This configuration allows for a simplified analysis using the Navier-Stokes equations, which govern fluid motion under conditions of viscosity and incompressibility. For Couette flow, the assumptions include a steady, laminar, incompressible flow with a zero-pressure gradient in the flow direction. This flow type is beneficial for understanding shear-driven...
Poiseuille's Law and Reynolds Number01:10

Poiseuille's Law and Reynolds Number

Any fluid in a horizontal tube can flow due to pressure differences—fluid flows from high to low pressure. The flow rate (Q) is the ratio of pressure difference and resistance through a horizontal tube. The greater the pressure difference, the higher the flow rate. The flow resistance is expressed as:
Laminar and Turbulent Flow01:07

Laminar and Turbulent Flow

Fluid dynamics is the study of fluids in motion. Velocity vectors are often used to illustrate fluid motion in applications like meteorology. For example, wind—the fluid motion of air in the atmosphere—can be represented by vectors indicating the speed and direction of the wind at any given point on a map. Another method for representing fluid motion is a streamline. A streamline represents the path of a small volume of fluid as it flows. When the flow pattern changes with time, the streamlines...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 23, 2026

Micro-particle Image Velocimetry for Velocity Profile Measurements of Micro Blood Flows
07:53

Micro-particle Image Velocimetry for Velocity Profile Measurements of Micro Blood Flows

Published on: April 25, 2013

Vesicles in Poiseuille flow.

Gerrit Danker1, Petia M Vlahovska, Chaouqi Misbah

  • 1Laboratoire de Spectrométrie Physique, UMR, 140 avenue de la physique, Université Joseph Fourier Grenoble, and CNRS, 38402 Saint Martin d'Heres, France.

Physical Review Letters
|April 28, 2009
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Red blood cell migration in microcirculation is vital. We found the viscosity ratio (lambda) dictates cell shape and movement, with low lambda promoting centerline migration and high lambda suppressing it.

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Last Updated: Jun 23, 2026

Micro-particle Image Velocimetry for Velocity Profile Measurements of Micro Blood Flows
07:53

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Published on: April 25, 2013

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Phase Behavior of Charged Vesicles Under Symmetric and Asymmetric Solution Conditions Monitored with Fluorescence Microscopy
10:08

Phase Behavior of Charged Vesicles Under Symmetric and Asymmetric Solution Conditions Monitored with Fluorescence Microscopy

Published on: October 24, 2017

Area of Science:

  • Fluid dynamics
  • Biophysics
  • Hematology

Background:

  • Blood microcirculation relies on red blood cell (RBC) migration.
  • RBC behavior in flow is crucial for oxygen delivery and tissue perfusion.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To theoretically investigate the influence of inner to outer fluid viscosity ratio (lambda) on RBC migration.
  • To identify key parameters governing RBC deformation and movement in microchannels.

Main Methods:

  • Theoretical analysis of RBC dynamics in a shear flow.
  • Computational modeling of vesicle deformation and migration based on viscosity ratio.

Main Results:

  • Low viscosity ratio (lambda) causes RBCs to adopt a tank-treading shape and migrate towards the flow centerline.
  • Above a critical lambda, RBC migration is suppressed due to tumbling or breathing dynamics.
  • Two distinct RBC shapes (bulletlike and parachutelike) are predicted to coexist at the centerline.

Conclusions:

  • The viscosity ratio (lambda) is a critical determinant of RBC migration behavior in microcirculation.
  • Understanding these dynamics can inform treatments for diseases affecting blood flow.
  • Theoretical predictions offer new insights into RBC morphology and motion.