Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Traumatic Brain Injury l: Introduction01:28

Traumatic Brain Injury l: Introduction

DefinitionTraumatic brain injury, or TBI, is a disturbance of normal brain function induced by an external mechanical force, such as a direct blow to the head or a penetrating injury. It can affect both brain structure and function, producing a wide range of clinical outcomes. TBI is a heterogeneous condition, meaning its effects may differ based on the type, location, and severity of the injury.Basis of ClassificationTBI is classified based on severity, injury mechanism, or pathophysiology. In...
Spinal Cord Injury ll: Pathophysiology01:14

Spinal Cord Injury ll: Pathophysiology

Spinal cord injury progresses through two interconnected phases: primary injury and secondary injury.Primary InjuryPrimary injury happens at the moment of trauma and involves immediate mechanical damage to the spinal cord.Compression happens when broken vertebrae, herniated discs, or accumulating blood (such as a hematoma) press directly against the spinal cord, distorting its normal shape and function. In cases of contusion, the cord is bruised by a blunt force (like penetrating injuries or...
Secondary Spinal Cord Injury llI: Pathophysiology01:25

Secondary Spinal Cord Injury llI: Pathophysiology

Early Ischemia and Ionic ImbalanceWithin minutes of spinal cord injury, a secondary cascade begins, progressing over hours to weeks. Vascular damage reduces blood flow, causing ischemia and mitochondrial dysfunction. ATP depletion leads to ion pump failure, membrane depolarization, sodium influx, potassium efflux, and water accumulation, resulting in cellular swelling. Increased intracellular calcium further disrupts mitochondria and accelerates cellular injury.Excitotoxicity and Neuronal...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Impact of Invasive Intracranial Pressure Monitoring on Outcomes in Older Adults with Severe Traumatic Brain Injury: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Neurocritical care·2026
Same author

Utility of repeat stereotactic EEG in pediatric patients with tuberous sclerosis.

Epilepsia open·2026
Same author

Association of cerebrovascular center volume with patient outcomes.

Neurosurgical review·2026
Same author

Early Autonomic Dysfunction Following TBI and Possible Interventions: A Narrative Review.

Journal of neurosurgical anesthesiology·2026
Same author

Editorial. Defining the role of LITT in pediatric extratemporal lobe epilepsy.

Journal of neurosurgery. Pediatrics·2026
Same author

Reframing neurotrauma research for LSCO: lessons from Ukraine for the UK Defence Medical Services.

BMJ military health·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 23, 2026

A Novel In Vitro Model of Blast Traumatic Brain Injury
08:59

A Novel In Vitro Model of Blast Traumatic Brain Injury

Published on: December 21, 2018

Explosive blast neurotrauma.

Geoffrey Ling1, Faris Bandak, Rocco Armonda

  • 1Department of Neurology, F. Edward Hébert School of Medicine, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, 4301 Jones Bridge Road, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA. gling@usuhs.mil

Journal of Neurotrauma
|April 29, 2009
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Explosive blast traumatic brain injury (TBI) poses serious risks, with severe cases developing pseudoaneurysms and mild cases mimicking PTSD. Further research is crucial for understanding and treating this complex condition.

More Related Videos

Low-intensity Blast Wave Model for Preclinical Assessment of Closed-head Mild Traumatic Brain Injury in Rodents
06:09

Low-intensity Blast Wave Model for Preclinical Assessment of Closed-head Mild Traumatic Brain Injury in Rodents

Published on: November 6, 2020

Modeling Highly Repetitive Low-level Blast Exposure in Mice
06:00

Modeling Highly Repetitive Low-level Blast Exposure in Mice

Published on: May 24, 2024

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 23, 2026

A Novel In Vitro Model of Blast Traumatic Brain Injury
08:59

A Novel In Vitro Model of Blast Traumatic Brain Injury

Published on: December 21, 2018

Low-intensity Blast Wave Model for Preclinical Assessment of Closed-head Mild Traumatic Brain Injury in Rodents
06:09

Low-intensity Blast Wave Model for Preclinical Assessment of Closed-head Mild Traumatic Brain Injury in Rodents

Published on: November 6, 2020

Modeling Highly Repetitive Low-level Blast Exposure in Mice
06:00

Modeling Highly Repetitive Low-level Blast Exposure in Mice

Published on: May 24, 2024

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Traumatology
  • Military Medicine

Background:

  • Explosive blast traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a significant concern for service members.
  • Military medical treatments and stateside care for blast TBI have advanced.
  • Clinical observations reveal distinct patterns in severe and mild blast TBI.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To describe the clinical spectrum of blast TBI.
  • To highlight complications such as pseudoaneurysms and vasospasm.
  • To emphasize the need for further basic science and clinical research.

Main Methods:

  • Clinical observation and description of blast TBI across severity spectrums.
  • Review of military medical treatments and stateside neurosurgical care.
  • Identification of common clinical findings in blast TBI patients.

Main Results:

  • Severe blast TBI can lead to pseudoaneurysms and vasospasm, causing delayed decompensation.
  • Mild blast TBI shares symptoms with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD).
  • The mechanism of central nervous system injury from blast is complex.

Conclusions:

  • Blast TBI requires rigorous basic science and clinical study, including biomechanical analysis.
  • Epidemiological studies are needed to determine prevalence and risk factors.
  • Blast TBI has potential to become a civilian health issue.