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Updated: Jun 23, 2026

Real-Time Dynamic Navigation System for the Precise Quad-Zygomatic Implant Placement in a Patient with a Severely Atrophic Maxilla

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Subcrestal placement of two-part implants.

Maria Welander¹, Ingemar Abrahamsson, Tord Berglundh

¹Department of Periodontology, The Sahlgrenska Academy at Göthenburg University, Göthenburg 405 30, Sweden. maria.welander@odontologi.gu.se

Clinical Oral Implants Research

|April 29, 2009

Summary

Surface characteristics of dental implants influence bone healing. Modified surfaces on test implants promoted bone growth coronal to the abutment/fixture interface, unlike control implants.

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Area of Science:

Dental Implantology
Biomaterials Science
Periodontology

Background:

Subcrestal placement of two-part implants is common.
Implant surface characteristics can influence osseointegration and bone levels.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate bone healing around two-part implants placed subcrestally.
To compare healing with modified versus regular abutment surfaces.

Main Methods:

Canine model using mongrel dogs.
Subcrestal placement of test (modified surface) and control (regular surface) implants.
Histological analysis of biopsies after 4 months.

Main Results:

Test implants showed coronal marginal bone levels compared to controls.

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40% of test implants exhibited bone-to-implant contact coronal to the abutment/fixture border.

Peri-implant connective tissue at test sites had higher collagen density.

Conclusions:

Osseointegration coronal to the abutment/fixture interface is possible with two-part implants.
Implant component surface characteristics are critical for achieving enhanced bone integration.