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Updated: Jun 23, 2026

Finite Element Modelling of a Cellular Electric Microenvironment

Finite Element Modelling of a Cellular Electric Microenvironment

Published on: May 18, 2021

Cellular effects of extremely low frequency (ELF) electromagnetic fields.

Maria T Santini¹, Gabriella Rainaldi, Pietro L Indovina

¹Dipartimento di Ematologia, Oncologia e Medicina Molecolare, Istituto Superiore di Sanita, Viale Regina Elena, Rome. santini@iss.it

International Journal of Radiation Biology

|April 29, 2009

Summary

Extremely low frequency (ELF) electromagnetic fields impact living systems, with research exploring potential cancer links and effects on nerve and immune cells. While cellular changes are observed, human health risks and therapeutic applications require further investigation.

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Area of Science:

Biophysics
Cell Biology
Electromagnetism

Background:

Extensive research over 50 years has investigated the biological impacts of extremely low frequency (ELF) electromagnetic fields.
Studies have focused on potential detrimental and beneficial effects on various biological systems.

Purpose of the Study:

To review major research areas concerning ELF electromagnetic fields and living systems.
To explore ELF field effects on cancer, immune cells, nerve cells, bone cells, wound healing, and ischemia/reperfusion injury.

Main Methods:

Literature review of studies over the past 50 years.
Analysis of experimental results, particularly in vitro studies.
Exploration of both detrimental and positive influences of ELF fields.

Main Results:

No general agreement exists on the exact detrimental biological effects of ELF fields or their mechanisms.
The majority of in vitro studies indicate that ELF fields induce numerous cellular changes.
Positive influences of ELF fields on bone and nerve cells, wound healing, and ischemia/reperfusion injury have been observed.

Conclusions:

The extrapolation of observed cellular perturbations to negative human health effects remains uncertain.
The diverse effects of ELF fields on biological systems warrant consideration for human risk assessment and legislation.
Further investigation into the therapeutic potential of ELF fields is recommended.